Matthew A. Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Aug;42(8):1431-8. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d2521a.
To identify the effects of infractions sustained during participation in youth ice hockey on biomechanical measures of head impact severity.
Sixteen adolescent Bantam-aged male ice hockey players (age = 14.0 +/- 0.5 yr, height = 171.3 +/- 4.5 cm, mass = 63.7 +/- 6.6 kg) were equipped with accelerometer-instrumented helmets to collect biomechanical measures relating to head impacts (linear acceleration, rotational acceleration, and Head Impact Technology severity profile (HITsp)) sustained while participating in ice hockey. Single-camera video footage from 54 games was synchronized with the head impact data, and all viewable collisions (n = 665) were evaluated as resulting from a legal collision or an infraction. Infractions were further categorized into boarding or charging, checking from behind, and elbowing or intentional head contact. Statistical analyses included random-intercepts general linear mixed models.
Infractions were observed in 17.3% (115/665) of all body collisions. Overall, collisions involving infractions had higher linear accelerations (P = 0.012) and HITsp (P = 0.021) than collisions with no infraction. Specifically, elbowing, head contact, and high sticking infractions resulted in greater linear acceleration (P = 0.005) and HITsp (P = 0.010) than collisions with no infraction. A strong trend for higher rotational accelerations in this infraction type compared with legal collisions was also present (P = 0.059).
Infractions result in higher measures of head impact severity than noninfraction collisions. Athletes and coaches should conform to playing rules, and officials should enforce more stringently existing rules and assess more severe penalties to participants who purposefully attempt to foul an opponent at the youth ice hockey level.
确定青少年冰球比赛中违规行为对头部撞击严重程度的生物力学测量值的影响。
16 名青少年 Bantam 年龄段男性冰球运动员（年龄=14.0±0.5 岁，身高=171.3±4.5cm，体重=63.7±6.6kg）配备了带有加速度计的头盔，以收集与头部撞击相关的生物力学测量值（线性加速度、旋转加速度和头部撞击技术严重程度分析（HITsp）），这些测量值是在参加冰球比赛时获得的。从 54 场比赛中获取的单摄像机视频与头部撞击数据同步，并评估了所有可见的碰撞（n=665）是合法碰撞还是违规行为造成的。违规行为进一步分为冲撞、背后撞击、肘击或故意头部接触。统计分析包括随机截距一般线性混合模型。
在所有身体碰撞中，17.3%（115/665）涉及违规行为。总体而言，涉及违规行为的碰撞具有更高的线性加速度（P=0.012）和 HITsp（P=0.021），比没有违规行为的碰撞更高。具体来说，肘击、头部接触和高杆违规行为导致更高的线性加速度（P=0.005）和 HITsp（P=0.010），比没有违规行为的碰撞更高。在这种违规类型中，与合法碰撞相比，旋转加速度也存在更高的强烈趋势（P=0.059）。
违规行为会导致比非违规碰撞更高的头部撞击严重程度的测量值。运动员和教练应遵守比赛规则，裁判应更严格地执行现有规则，并对在青少年冰球比赛中故意试图犯规的参与者给予更严厉的处罚。
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