Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2010 Feb;44(1):102-11. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102010000100011.
To analyze trends in hospitalization and mortality rates for diarrhea in children less than one year old.
An ecological time-series study, between 1995 and 2005, was performed for Brazil as a whole and for the state capitals. Secondary data from the Ministry of Health was utilized, obtained from the Hospital Information System and from the Mortality Information System. During the study period, 1,505,800 hospitalizations and 39,421 deaths from diarrhea were registered among children under one year. Polynomial regression models were used to analyze the trends in hospitalization and mortality rates.
There were reductions in hospitalizations and in infant deaths from diarrhea in the country and in 13 capitals. Eight capitals experienced reductions only in mortality from diarrhea, whereas three showed decreases only in hospitalization rates from diarrhea. In the combined analysis of diarrhea indicators and of general indicators, reductions in all the historical series were observed only in Brazil as a whole and in four capitals.
The reduction in hospitalization and mortality rates from diarrhea observed through the time-series could be the result of prevention and control measures implemented.
分析 1 岁以下儿童腹泻住院率和死亡率的变化趋势。
本研究采用了生态时间序列研究方法，对巴西整体和各州首府进行分析，时间跨度为 1995 年至 2005 年。研究数据来源于卫生部的医院信息系统和死亡率信息系统，主要包括 1995 年至 2005 年间 1505800 例 1 岁以下儿童腹泻住院病例和 39421 例腹泻死亡病例。使用多项式回归模型来分析住院率和死亡率的变化趋势。
巴西全国和 13 个州首府的腹泻住院率和婴儿死亡率均有所下降。8 个州首府的腹泻死亡率有所下降，而 3 个州首府的腹泻住院率则有所下降。在对腹泻指标和一般指标的综合分析中，仅在巴西全国和 4 个州首府观察到所有历史序列的下降。
通过时间序列分析观察到的腹泻住院率和死亡率的下降可能是实施预防和控制措施的结果。
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