Boccolini Cristiano Siqueira, Boccolini Patricia de Moraes Mello, de Carvalho Márcia Lazaro, de Oliveira Maria Inês Couto
Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.
Cien Saude Colet. 2012 Jul;17(7):1857-63. doi: 10.1590/s1413-81232012000700025.
The prevalence of breastfeeding has increased over the past two decades in Brazil, as a result of public breastfeeding policies. The scope of this paper is to analyze the correlation between the increase in the prevalence of breastfeeding and hospitalization rates due to diarrhea. It is an epidemiological ecological study, based on secondary data from Brazilian Capital Cities and the Federal District. The prevalence of breastfeeding, the number of live births, and cases of hospitalization due to diarrhea were compared for the years 1999 and 2008 and the Spearman non-parametric test was used to correlate the variables. During the period, 1,329,618 children under one year of age in 1999 and 2008 were studied. The increase in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among children under 4 months old had a negative correlation with hospitalization rates due to diarrhea (Rho=-0.483, p=0.014). This correlation was stronger for girls (Rho=-0.521, p=0.008) than for boys (Rho=-0.476, p=0.016). The increase in the prevalence of breastfeeding between 1999 and 2008 appears to be correlated to a reduction in hospitalization rates due to diarrhea over the same period, corroborating the importance of public policies to protect, support and promote breastfeeding.
由于公共母乳喂养政策，巴西母乳喂养的普及率在过去二十年中有所上升。本文的目的是分析母乳喂养普及率的上升与腹泻住院率之间的相关性。这是一项基于巴西首都城市和联邦区二手数据的流行病学生态学研究。比较了1999年和2008年的母乳喂养普及率、活产数和腹泻住院病例，并使用Spearman非参数检验来关联变量。在此期间，对1999年和2008年的1329618名一岁以下儿童进行了研究。4个月以下儿童纯母乳喂养普及率的上升与腹泻住院率呈负相关（Rho=-0.483，p=0.014）。这种相关性在女孩中（Rho=-0.521，p=0.008）比在男孩中（Rho=-0.476，p=0.016）更强。1999年至2008年母乳喂养普及率的上升似乎与同期腹泻住院率的降低相关，这证实了保护、支持和促进母乳喂养的公共政策的重要性。
