State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Jan;172(1-4):407-17. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1343-5. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
An intensive investigation was conducted to study the accumulation, speciation, and distribution of various heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in sediments from the Yangtze River catchment of Wuhan, China. The potential ecological risks posed by these heavy metals also were estimated. The median concentrations of most heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were higher than the background values of soils in Wuhan and were beyond the threshold effect level (TEL), implying heavy metal contamination of the sediments. Carbonate-bound Cd and exchangeable Cd, both of which had high bioavailability, were 40.2% and 30.5% of the total for Cd, respectively, demonstrating that Cd poses a high ecological risk in the sediments. The coefficients of the relationship among Pb, Hg, and Cu were greater than 0.797 using correlation analysis, indicating the highly positive correlation among these three elements. Besides, total organic carbon content played an important role in determining the behaviors of heavy metals in sediments. Principal component analysis was used to study the distribution and potential origin of heavy metals. The result suggested three principal components controlling their variability in sediments, which accounted for 36.72% (factor 1: Hg, Cu, and Pb), 28.69% (factor 2: Cr, Zn, and Ni), and 19.45% (factor 3: As and Cd) of the total variance. Overall, 75% of the studied sediment samples afforded relatively low potential ecological risk despite the fact that generally higher concentrations of heavy metals relative to TEL were detected in the sediments.
进行了一项深入的调查，以研究中国长江流域武汉段沉积物中各种重金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、汞、镍、铅和锌）的积累、形态和分布。还估计了这些重金属所带来的潜在生态风险。大多数重金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌）的中值浓度高于武汉土壤的背景值，超过了阈值效应水平（TEL），表明沉积物受到重金属污染。具有高生物利用度的碳酸盐结合态镉和可交换态镉分别占镉总量的 40.2%和 30.5%，表明镉在沉积物中具有高生态风险。相关性分析表明，铅、汞和铜之间的关系系数大于 0.797，表明这三种元素之间存在高度正相关。此外，总有机碳含量在决定重金属在沉积物中的行为方面起着重要作用。主成分分析用于研究重金属的分布和潜在来源。结果表明，有三个主要成分控制着沉积物中重金属的变异性，它们占沉积物总变异的 36.72%（因子 1：汞、铜和铅）、28.69%（因子 2：铬、锌和镍）和 19.45%（因子 3：砷和镉）。总体而言，尽管沉积物中重金属的浓度普遍高于 TEL，但 75%的研究样本提供了相对较低的潜在生态风险。
