Szabó J, Belicza E, Rédal I, Rozgonyi F
Debreceni Orvostudományi Egyetem Mikrobiológiai Intézet.
Orv Hetil. 1991 Mar 31;132(13):687-90, 693.
Distribution according to species and genus and resistance to antibacterial agents was studied with 420 bacterial isolates cultured from the wound excretion of 282 burned-infected patients. Of the isolates 68.2% was Gram-positive and 31.8% Gram-negative. This latter high rate may be due to fecal infection as 21% of the burned patients was between the age of 0-4 years. Of the total isolates 38.3% was Staphylococcus aureus, 16.7% coagulase-negative staphylococcus, 10.7% Pseudomonas strain, 6.9% Escherichia coli and 4.8% Klebsiella. Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus strain was not found. On the other hand 30-35% of the strains was cross-resistant to methicillin- oxacillin-cefuroxim-clindamycin though these agents are the most potent following the vancomycine. Ceftazidime is the most effective agent for Pseudomonas strains being followed by amikacin, carbenicillin, tobramycin and ceftriaxon. Other Gram-negative bacteria showed strongest sensitivity to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone and these are followed by amikacin.
对从282例烧伤感染患者伤口排泄物中培养出的420株细菌分离株进行了按菌种和菌属的分布以及对抗菌剂耐药性的研究。分离株中68.2%为革兰氏阳性菌，31.8%为革兰氏阴性菌。后一比例较高可能是由于粪便感染，因为21%的烧伤患者年龄在0至4岁之间。在所有分离株中，金黄色葡萄球菌占38.3%，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占16.7%，假单胞菌属菌株占10.7%，大肠杆菌占6.9%，克雷伯菌属占4.8%。未发现耐万古霉素的葡萄球菌菌株。另一方面，30%至35%的菌株对甲氧西林-奥沙西林-头孢呋辛-克林霉素存在交叉耐药性，尽管这些药物是仅次于万古霉素的最有效的药物。头孢他啶是对假单胞菌属菌株最有效的药物，其次是阿米卡星、羧苄西林、妥布霉素和头孢曲松。其他革兰氏阴性菌对头孢他啶和头孢曲松的敏感性最强，其次是阿米卡星。
