淫羊藿苷（从淫羊藿属植物中提取的一种纯化提取物）在体外和体内的促勃起和神经营养作用。
Erectogenic and neurotrophic effects of icariin, a purified extract of horny goat weed (Epimedium spp.) in vitro and in vivo.
机构信息
University of California Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory-Department of Urology, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
出版信息
J Sex Med. 2010 Apr;7(4 Pt 1):1518-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01699.x. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
INTRODUCTION
Epimedium species (aka horny goat weed) have been utilized for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in Traditional Chinese Medicine for many years. Icariin (ICA) is the active moiety of Epimedium species.
AIM
To evaluate the penile hemodynamic and tissue effects of ICA in cavernous nerve injured rats. We also studied the in vitro effects of ICA on cultured pelvic ganglia.
METHODS
Rats were subjected to cavernous nerve injury and subsequently treated for 4 weeks with daily gavage feedings of a placebo solution of normal saline and Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) vs. ICA dissolved in DMSO at doses of 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg. A separate group underwent a single dose of ICA 10 mg/kg 2 hours prior to functional testing. Functional testing with cavernous nerve stimulation and real-time assessment of intracavernous pressure (ICP) was performed at 4 weeks. After functional testing, penile tissue was procured for immunohistochemistry and molecular studies. In separate experiments, pelvic ganglia were excised from healthy rats and cultured in the presence of ICA, sildenafil, or placebo culture media.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Ratio of ICP and area under the curve (AUC) to mean arterial pressure (MAP) during cavernous nerve stimulation of subject rodents. We also assayed tissue expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), eNOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), calponin, and apoptosis via immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Differential length of neurite outgrowth was assessed in cultured pelvic ganglia.
RESULTS
Rats treated with low-dose ICA demonstrated significantly higher ICP/MAP and AUC/MAP ratios compared with control and single-dose ICA animals. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were revealing of significantly greater positivity for nNOS and calponin in penile tissues of all rats treated with ICA. ICA led to significantly greater neurite length in cultured specimens of pelvic ganglia.
CONCLUSION
ICA may have neurotrophic effects in addition to known phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibiting effects.
简介
淫羊藿（又称淫羊藿）多年来一直被用于中医治疗勃起功能障碍。淫羊藿苷（ICA）是淫羊藿属植物的活性成分。
目的
评估 ICA 对海绵体神经损伤大鼠阴茎血液动力学和组织的影响。我们还研究了 ICA 对培养的骨盆神经节的体外作用。
方法
大鼠接受海绵体神经损伤，随后用生理盐水和二甲基亚砜（DMSO）的安慰剂溶液或溶解在 DMSO 中的 ICA（剂量为 1、5 和 10mg/kg）进行每日灌胃治疗 4 周。另一组在功能测试前 2 小时给予单次 ICA 10mg/kg。在 4 周时进行海绵体神经刺激的功能测试和实时评估阴茎内压（ICP）。功能测试后，采集阴茎组织进行免疫组织化学和分子研究。在单独的实验中，从健康大鼠中切除骨盆神经节，并在存在 ICA、西地那非或安慰剂培养基的情况下进行培养。
主要观察指标
接受研究的啮齿动物在海绵体神经刺激期间 ICP 与平均动脉压（MAP）的比值和曲线下面积（AUC）。我们还通过免疫组织化学和 Western blot 测定组织中神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）、内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）、钙调蛋白和细胞凋亡的表达。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测定血清睾酮和黄体生成素（LH）。通过培养的骨盆神经节评估神经突生长的差异长度。
结果
低剂量 ICA 治疗的大鼠 ICP/MAP 和 AUC/MAP 比值明显高于对照组和单次 ICA 治疗的大鼠。免疫组织化学和 Western blot 显示，所有接受 ICA 治疗的大鼠的阴茎组织中 nNOS 和钙调蛋白的阳性表达明显增加。ICA 导致培养的骨盆神经节标本中的神经突长度明显增加。
结论
ICA 除了已知的磷酸二酯酶 5 抑制作用外，可能还有神经营养作用。
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