[老年人认知和功能障碍的危险因素]
[Risk factors for cognitive and functional impairment in the elderly].
作者信息
de León-Arcila Rubén, Milián-Suazo Feliciano, Camacho-Calderón Nicolás, Arévalo-Cedano Rosa Elena, Escartín-Chávez Minerva
机构信息
Unidad de Medicina Familiar 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Querétaro, México.
出版信息
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2009 May-Jun;47(3):277-84.
OBJECTIVE
To establish association between cognitive and functional impairment with economic, social and demographic factors, chronic disease and multidrug therapy in the aged patient.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2002 with 422 individuals 60 years old and older. A questionnaire for exploring social and economic conditions was applied. Folsteins' mini-mental exam and Katz, Lawton and Bronfman instruments were also applied. A bivariate analysis was performed to select variables for logistic regression (p = 0.20 in a chi(2)). Adjusted odds ratios were used to estimate association.
RESULTS
There were 422 individuals interviewed, 178 were male and 244 female, with a mean age of 68 years. The factors associated with cognitive impairment were stroke, female gender, and social and economic level. For daily activities diabetes mellitus 2 and for daily instrumental activities the associations were female gender, visual impairment and multi-drug therapy, all with p < 0.05.
CONCLUSIONS
Some factors can prevent the presence of cognitive and functional impairment in the elderly.
目的
探讨老年患者认知和功能障碍与经济、社会、人口因素、慢性病及多药治疗之间的关联。
方法
2002年对422名60岁及以上个体进行了一项横断面研究。采用了一份用于探究社会和经济状况的问卷。同时应用了福尔斯坦简易精神状态检查以及卡茨、劳顿和布朗夫曼量表。进行了双变量分析以选择用于逻辑回归的变量（卡方检验中p = 0.20）。使用调整后的优势比来估计关联。
结果
共访谈了422人，其中男性178人，女性244人，平均年龄68岁。与认知障碍相关的因素有中风、女性性别以及社会和经济水平。对于日常生活活动，2型糖尿病与之相关；对于日常生活工具性活动，相关因素为女性性别、视力障碍和多药治疗，所有这些因素的p值均<0.05。
结论
一些因素可预防老年人出现认知和功能障碍。
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