Statistics Department, The University of Auckland, New Zealand; Nutrigenomics New Zealand, New Zealand.
Mutat Res. 2010 Aug 7;690(1-2):123-38. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.01.020. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
Diet is known to play a major role in the symptoms of the inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease (CD). Although no single diet is appropriate to all individuals, most CD patients are aware of foods that provide adverse or beneficial effects. This study seeks to categorise foods in relation to their effects on symptoms of CD, in a New Zealand Caucasian population. Four hundred and forty-six subjects from two different centres in New Zealand were recruited into the study. An extensive dietary questionnaire (257 food items in 15 groups) recorded self-reported dietary tolerances and intolerances. Across each of the food groups, there were statistically significant differences among responses to foods. A two-dimensional graphical summary enabled stratification of foods according to the probability that they will be either beneficial or detrimental. A small number of foods are frequently considered to be beneficial, including white fish, salmon and tuna, gluten-free products, oatmeal, bananas, boiled potatoes, sweet potatoes (kumara), pumpkin, soya milk, goat's milk and yoghurt. Foods that are typically considered detrimental include grapefruit, chilli or chilli sauce, corn and corn products, peanuts, cream, salami, curried foods, cola drinks, high energy drinks, beer, and red wine. For a number of the food items, the same item that was beneficial for one group of subjects was detrimental to others; in particular soya milk, goat's milk, yoghurt, oatmeal, kiwifruit, prunes, apple, broccoli, cauliflower, linseed, pumpkin seed, sunflower seed, ginger and ginger products, beef, lamb, liver, and oily fish. It was not possible to identify a specific group of food items that should be avoided by all CD patients. The wide range of detrimental items suggests that dietary maintenance of remission is likely to be difficult, and to exclude a substantial number of foods. Personalised diets may be especially important to these individuals.
饮食被认为在炎症性肠病，克罗恩病（CD）的症状中起着重要作用。虽然没有一种饮食适合所有个体，但大多数 CD 患者都知道哪些食物会产生不良或有益的影响。本研究旨在对新西兰白种人群中与 CD 症状相关的食物进行分类。本研究在新西兰的两个不同中心招募了 446 名受试者。一份广泛的饮食问卷（257 种食物，分为 15 组）记录了自我报告的饮食耐受和不耐受情况。在每个食物组中，对食物的反应存在统计学上的显著差异。二维图形摘要可根据食物有益或有害的可能性对食物进行分层。少数食物经常被认为是有益的，包括白鱼、三文鱼和金枪鱼、无麸质产品、燕麦片、香蕉、煮土豆、红薯（kumara）、南瓜、豆浆、羊奶和酸奶。通常被认为有害的食物包括柚子、辣椒或辣椒酱、玉米和玉米制品、花生、奶油、意大利香肠、咖喱食品、可乐饮料、高能饮料、啤酒和红酒。对于一些食物项目，对一组受试者有益的食物对另一组受试者则有害；特别是豆浆、羊奶、酸奶、燕麦片、猕猴桃、梅子、苹果、西兰花、花椰菜、亚麻籽、南瓜籽、葵花籽、姜和姜制品、牛肉、羊肉、肝脏和油性鱼类。无法确定所有 CD 患者都应避免的特定食物组。有害食物的范围广泛，这表明维持缓解状态的饮食可能很困难，需要排除大量食物。个性化饮食对这些个体可能尤为重要。
