女性偏倚自身免疫的遗传和激素因素。
Genetic and hormonal factors in female-biased autoimmunity.
机构信息
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, 80206, USA.
出版信息
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 May;9(7):494-8. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2010.02.008. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
Abstract
Autoimmunity is controlled both by the environment and by genetic factors. One of the most well defined genetic factors is polymorphisms, with some alleles of particular genes promoting autoimmune diseases, whereas other alleles either not affecting susceptibility to disease or, in some cases actually inhibiting the appearance of such illnesses. Another genetically controlled factor, gender, also plays a profound role in the incidence of autoimmune diseases. For example, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) occurs much more frequently in females than in males in both mice and man. The genetic differences that make some individuals susceptible to autoimmunity and protect others could act in many ways and affect many tissues. In this review we will discuss how gender may act on the cells of the immune system and thereby influence the predisposition of the host to autoimmune diseases.
摘要
自身免疫是由环境和遗传因素共同控制的。其中一个最明确的遗传因素是多态性，某些特定基因的等位基因促进自身免疫性疾病，而其他等位基因要么不影响疾病的易感性，要么在某些情况下实际上抑制了这些疾病的出现。另一个受遗传控制的因素是性别，它也在自身免疫性疾病的发病率中起着重要作用。例如，系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）在小鼠和人中，女性的发病率明显高于男性。使一些个体易患自身免疫性疾病而保护其他个体的遗传差异可能以多种方式起作用，并影响许多组织。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论性别如何作用于免疫系统的细胞，从而影响宿主对自身免疫性疾病的易感性。
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