Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance Department, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, Missouri, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Mar;24(3):587-96. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c2eb.
The primary purpose of this research was to obtain information concerning injury incidence and perceptions of training intensities and fatigue levels among college athletes via a survey study. A second purpose was to illuminate correlations between the collected data. This study employed an investigator-designed survey instrument administered to 411 NCAA Division II male and female athletes, with 149 completed responses. The survey included 3 themes: injury incidence, training intensity, and physical and mental exhaustion. Men and women spent 4.5 days per week training using moderate- and high-intensity levels. Fifty percent of the total number of athletes reported chronic injury. During the competition season, physical exhaustion occurred "frequently" 30.86 and 23.53% of the time with men and women, respectively. In the noncompetition season, physical exhaustion was "frequently" experienced 19.75 and 17.65% of the time among men and women, respectively. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found with acute injury for men and chronic injury for women. Also, training intensity levels and physical and mental exhaustion for men and women were statistically significant. The current investigators found the training involved 2-3 hours of moderate to high intensity 4.5 days per week both during competition and noncompetition; women and men spent 2-3 hours of light intensity 1.31 and 1.45 days per week, respectively. Women and men in addition to training, engaged in 3.78 and 4.43 hours of leisure physical activity per week. The investigators recommend tapering, periodization, and rest to help avoid overuse syndrome, overreaching, and overtraining that leads to excessive physical and mental exhaustion and injury.
本研究的主要目的是通过调查研究获取有关大学生运动员受伤发生率以及对训练强度和疲劳程度的认知的信息。第二个目的是阐明所收集数据之间的相关性。本研究采用研究者设计的调查问卷，对 411 名 NCAA 二级男女运动员进行了调查，共收到 149 份完整的回复。调查包括 3 个主题：受伤发生率、训练强度以及身体和精神疲劳。男性和女性每周训练 4.5 天，强度为中等和高强度。50%的运动员报告有慢性损伤。在比赛赛季，男性和女性分别有 30.86%和 23.53%的时间经常感到身体疲劳。在非比赛赛季，男性和女性分别有 19.75%和 17.65%的时间经常感到身体疲劳。男性的急性损伤和女性的慢性损伤之间存在统计学上显著的相关性（p < 0.05）。此外，男性和女性的训练强度水平以及身体和精神疲劳程度之间也存在统计学上显著的相关性。本研究发现，男性在比赛和非比赛期间每周进行 4.5 天、2-3 小时的中高强度训练，女性每周进行 1.31 天、2-3 小时的低强度训练。男性和女性每周还进行 3.78 小时和 4.43 小时的休闲体育活动。研究人员建议逐渐减少训练量、进行周期化训练和休息，以帮助避免过度使用综合征、过度训练和过度训练导致的过度身体和精神疲劳以及受伤。
