Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Jan;1183:58-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05123.x.
B cells represent an important link between the adaptive and innate immune systems as they express both antigen-specific B-cell receptors (BCRs) as well as various Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Several checkpoints in B-cell development ensure that self-specific cells are eliminated from the mature B-cell repertoire to avoid harmful autoreactive responses. These checkpoints are controlled by BCR-mediated events but are also influenced by TLR-dependent signals from the innate immune system. Additionally, B-cell-intrinsic and extrinsic TLR signaling are critical for inflammatory events required for the clearance of microbial infections. Factors secreted by TLR-activated macrophages or dendritic cells directly influence the fate of protective and autoreactive B cells. Additionally, naive and memory B cells respond differentially to TLR ligands, as do different B-cell subsets. We review here recent literature describing intrinsic and extrinsic effects of TLR stimulation on the fate of B cells, with particular attention to autoimmune diseases.
B 细胞作为适应性免疫系统和固有免疫系统之间的重要连接，它们表达抗原特异性 B 细胞受体（BCR）和各种 Toll 样受体（TLR）。B 细胞发育过程中的几个检查点可确保从成熟 B 细胞库中消除自身特异性细胞，以避免有害的自身反应性应答。这些检查点由 BCR 介导的事件控制，但也受到固有免疫系统中 TLR 依赖性信号的影响。此外，B 细胞内在和外在的 TLR 信号对于清除微生物感染所需的炎症事件至关重要。TLR 激活的巨噬细胞或树突状细胞分泌的因子直接影响保护性和自身反应性 B 细胞的命运。此外，幼稚 B 细胞和记忆 B 细胞对 TLR 配体的反应不同，不同的 B 细胞亚群也是如此。我们在此综述了描述 TLR 刺激对 B 细胞命运的内在和外在影响的最新文献，特别关注自身免疫性疾病。
