CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Jan;1185:39-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05286.x.
Interconnected social and environmental systems are the domain of ecological economics, and models can be used to explore feedbacks and adaptations inherent in these systems. Agent-based modeling (ABM) represents autonomous entities, each with dynamic behavior and heterogeneous characteristics. Agents interact with each other and their environment, resulting in emergent outcomes at the macroscale that can be used to quantitatively analyze complex systems. ABM is contributing to research questions in ecological economics in the areas of natural resource management and land-use change, urban systems modeling, market dynamics, changes in consumer attitudes, innovation, and diffusion of technology and management practices, commons dilemmas and self-governance, and psychological aspects to human decision making and behavior change. Frontiers for ABM research in ecological economics involve advancing the empirical calibration and validation of models through mixed methods, including surveys, interviews, participatory modeling, and, notably, experimental economics to test specific decision-making hypotheses. Linking ABM with other modeling techniques at the level of emergent properties will further advance efforts to understand dynamics of social-environmental systems.
互联的社会和环境系统是生态经济学的研究领域，模型可用于探索这些系统中的反馈和适应性。基于主体的建模 (ABM) 代表具有动态行为和异质性特征的自主实体。主体之间相互作用并与环境相互作用，从而在宏观尺度上产生涌现结果，可以用于定量分析复杂系统。ABM 为生态经济学中的研究问题做出了贡献，包括自然资源管理和土地利用变化、城市系统建模、市场动态、消费者态度变化、创新和技术与管理实践的扩散、公地困境和自我治理，以及人类决策和行为变化的心理方面。ABM 在生态经济学中的前沿研究涉及通过混合方法（包括调查、访谈、参与式建模，尤其是实验经济学）推进模型的经验校准和验证，以测试特定的决策假设。将 ABM 与其他建模技术在涌现属性层面联系起来，将进一步推动对社会-环境系统动态的理解。
