Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Block Health Sciences Building, Mail Stop 1010, 3035 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2010 Mar;6(1):62-73. doi: 10.1007/s12015-010-9120-y.
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells that can self renew or be induced to differentiate into multiple cell lineages, and thus have the potential to be utilized in regenerative medicine. Key pluripotency specific factors (Oct 4/Sox2/Nanog/Klf4) maintain the pluripotent state by activating expression of pluripotency specific genes and by inhibiting the expression of developmental regulators. Pluripotent ES cells are distinguished from differentiated cells by a specialized chromatin state that is required to epigenetically regulate the ES cell phenotype. Recent studies show that in addition to pluripotency specific factors, chromatin remodeling enzymes play an important role in regulating ES cell chromatin and the capacity to self-renew and to differentiate. Here we review recent studies that delineate the role of ATP dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes in regulating ES cell chromatin structure.
胚胎干细胞（ES 细胞）是多能细胞，能够自我更新或被诱导分化为多种细胞谱系，因此具有在再生医学中应用的潜力。关键的多能性特异性因子（Oct4/Sox2/Nanog/Klf4）通过激活多能性特异性基因的表达和抑制发育调节剂的表达来维持多能性状态。多能性 ES 细胞通过一种特殊的染色质状态与分化细胞区分开来，这种状态需要对 ES 细胞表型进行表观遗传调控。最近的研究表明，除了多能性特异性因子外，染色质重塑酶在调节 ES 细胞染色质以及自我更新和分化的能力方面也起着重要作用。本文综述了最近的研究，阐述了 ATP 依赖的染色质重塑酶在调节 ES 细胞染色质结构中的作用。
