Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2010 Apr;79(3):314-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.027. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have recently received attention owing to their widespread contamination in the environment. One of major manufacturers, 3M Company voluntarily phased out PFOS production in 2002. We measured the PFOS and PFOA concentrations in serum samples from Japan (Sendai, Takayama and Osaka), Korea (Busan and Seoul) and Vietnam (Hanoi) to evaluate the possible effects of the phase-out on the serum levels. There were spatial differences in both the serum PFOS and PFOA concentrations. The serum PFOS concentrations (ngmL(-1)) evaluated as the geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) in 2007-2008 ranged from 4.86 (1.45) in Sendai, Japan, to 9.36 (1.42) in Busan, Korea. The serum PFOA concentrations ranged from 0.575 (2.32) in Hanoi, Vietnam, to 14.2 (1.73) in Osaka, Japan. Historically archived samples collected from Korea in 1994-2008 revealed that the serum PFOA concentrations increased by 1.24-fold in Busan from 2000 to 2008 and 1.41-fold in Seoul from 1994 to 2007. On the other hand, the serum PFOS concentrations did not change from 1994 to 2007/2008. The serum PFOS levels in Japan in 2008 were significantly decreased compared with previously reported values (22.3-66.7% of the values in 2003/2004). However, the serum PFOA levels showed a clear decline from 2003 to 2008 in a high-exposed area, Osaka, but not in low-exposed areas in Japan. The trends toward decreases were not uniformly observed in Asian countries, unlike the case for the United States, suggesting that local factors associated with the production and introduction histories in each country overwhelm the effects of the phase-out.
全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 和全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 由于其在环境中的广泛污染而受到关注。其中一家主要制造商 3M 公司于 2002 年自愿停止 PFOS 的生产。我们测量了来自日本（仙台、高山和大阪）、韩国（釜山和首尔）和越南（河内）的血清样本中的 PFOS 和 PFOA 浓度，以评估逐步淘汰对血清水平的可能影响。血清 PFOS 和 PFOA 浓度存在空间差异。2007-2008 年评估的血清 PFOS 浓度（ngmL(-1))为几何平均值（几何标准差），范围从日本仙台的 4.86(1.45)到韩国釜山的 9.36(1.42)。血清 PFOA 浓度范围从越南河内的 0.575(2.32)到日本大阪的 14.2(1.73)。1994-2008 年从韩国收集的历史存档样本显示，2000 年至 2008 年釜山的血清 PFOA 浓度增加了 1.24 倍，2007 年至 2007 年首尔的血清 PFOA 浓度增加了 1.41 倍。另一方面，1994 年至 2007/2008 年血清 PFOS 浓度没有变化。2008 年日本的血清 PFOS 水平与之前报告的值（2003/2004 年的 22.3-66.7%）相比显著降低。然而，在高暴露地区大阪，血清 PFOA 水平从 2003 年到 2008 年明显下降，但在日本的低暴露地区没有下降。与美国不同，亚洲国家没有出现统一的下降趋势，这表明与每个国家的生产和引入历史相关的当地因素压倒了逐步淘汰的影响。
