Department of Chemical Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India.
J Environ Manage. 2010 May;91(5):1209-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.01.007. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
Landfill leachate contains high concentrations of organic matter, color, heavy metals and toxic substances. This study presents the feasibility of a commercial nanofiltration membrane (NF-300) in the removal of pollutants from a landfill leachate generated from the Treatment Stabilization and Disposal Facility in Gujarat state of India. Two different leachate samples (Leachates A and B) were collected from the downstream side of closed landfill cells A and B. The average quality of the leachate was 67 719 mg/L COD, 217 mg/L ammonical nitrogen, 22 418 mg/L BOD, 3847 mg/L chlorides and 909 mg/L sulphate. The operating variables studied were applied pressure (4-20 atm), feed flowrate (5-15L/min) and pH (2, 4, 5.5 and 6.7). It was observed that the solute rejection (R(O)) increased with increase in feed pressure and decreased with increase in feed concentration at constant feed flowrate. In the present study, the rejection of cations followed the sequence: R(O) (Cr(3+))>R(O) (Ni(2+))>R(O) (Zn(2+))>R(O) (Cu(2+))>R(O) (Cd(2+)) for leachates A and B. The order of solute rejection sequence is inversely proportional to the diffusion coefficients. The rejection of sulphate ions by the NF-300 membrane was 83 and 85%, while the rejection of chlorides was 62 and 65% for leachates A and B, respectively. The NF-300 membrane was characterized by using the combined-film theory-Spiegler-Kedem (CFSK) model based on irreversible thermodynamics and the ion transport model based on the extended Nernst-Planck equation. The membrane transport parameters were estimated using the Levenberg-Marquadt method. The estimated parameters were used to predict the membrane performance and the predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental results.
垃圾渗滤液含有高浓度的有机物、颜色、重金属和有毒物质。本研究介绍了商业纳滤膜 (NF-300) 在去除印度古吉拉特邦处理稳定和处置设施产生的垃圾渗滤液中污染物的可行性。从封闭垃圾填埋场 A 和 B 的下游收集了两个不同的渗滤液样品 (渗滤液 A 和 B)。渗滤液的平均质量为 67719mg/LCOD、217mg/L 氨氮、22418mg/LBOD、3847mg/L 氯化物和 909mg/L 硫酸盐。研究的操作变量为施加压力 (4-20atm)、进料流量 (5-15L/min) 和 pH 值 (2、4、5.5 和 6.7)。结果表明，在恒定进料流量下，溶质截留率 (R(O)) 随进料压力的增加而增加，随进料浓度的增加而降低。在本研究中，阳离子的截留顺序为：R(O)(Cr(3+))>R(O)(Ni(2+))>R(O)(Zn(2+))>R(O)(Cu(2+))>R(O)(Cd(2+))，对于渗滤液 A 和 B。溶质截留顺序与扩散系数成反比。NF-300 膜对硫酸盐离子的截留率分别为 83%和 85%，对氯化物的截留率分别为 62%和 65%，对于渗滤液 A 和 B。NF-300 膜的特性是使用基于不可逆热力学的组合膜理论-斯皮格勒-凯德姆 (CFSK) 模型和基于扩展能斯特-普朗克方程的离子传输模型来描述的。使用列文伯格-马夸特方法估计膜传输参数。使用这些参数来预测膜性能，预测值与实验结果吻合良好。
