AFSSA Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches Caprines, 60 rue de Pied de Fond, BP 3081, 79012 NIORT Cedex, France.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 May 28;170(1-2):149-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.024. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
Many compounds have been screened for their potential anti-cryptosporidial activity in ruminants but none of them has been totally efficient in controlling the disease. Macrolide antibiotics have demonstrated some activity against Cryptosporidium spp. in humans. Tilmicosin is a macrolide antibiotic, available in France in an oral form (Pulmotil AC, Lilly France). The preventive efficacy of tilmicosin was evaluated in a goat farm experiencing severe clinical cryptosporidiosis in kids. Twenty-two kids were separated from their dams just after birth and placed in a separated pen. They were divided into 3 groups: an untreated group (10 kids), group 1 (6 kids) receiving tilmicosin at 25mg/kg BW/day and group 2 (6 kids) receiving tilmicosin at 50mg/kg BW/day. Tilmicosin was individually given by oral route from day 2 of age for 10 days. Three times a week, individual faecal samples were performed to assess the oocyst output. Clinical data, i.e. diarrhea and mortality, were recorded. In control kids, the highest prevalence and intensity of excretion were observed between day 6 and day 16 of age and mortality reached 90%. Excretion dynamic and clinical consequences were similar in both treated kid groups. Finally, tilmicosin did not demonstrate any activity against severe kid cryptosporidiosis in field conditions.
许多化合物已被筛选用于其在反刍动物中的潜在抗隐孢子虫活性，但没有一种能完全有效控制该疾病。大环内酯类抗生素已证明对人类隐孢子虫具有一定的活性。替米考星是一种大环内酯类抗生素，在法国以口服形式（Lilly France 的 Pulmotil AC）提供。替米考星在一家经历严重临床隐孢子虫病的山羊养殖场中的预防效果得到了评估。22 只羔羊在出生后立即与母羊分开并放在一个单独的围栏中。它们被分为 3 组：未处理组（10 只羔羊）、组 1（6 只羔羊）每天按 25mg/kgBW 给予替米考星和组 2（6 只羔羊）每天按 50mg/kgBW 给予替米考星。替米考星从第 2 天开始通过口服途径单独给药，持续 10 天。每周 3 次，采集个体粪便样本以评估卵囊排出量。记录临床数据，即腹泻和死亡率。在对照羔羊中，排泄的最高流行率和强度在第 6 天至第 16 天之间观察到，死亡率达到 90%。在两个治疗羔羊组中，排泄动态和临床后果相似。最后，替米考星在现场条件下对严重羔羊隐孢子虫病没有显示出任何活性。
