LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences and Engineering, F-44307 Nantes, France; Anses Niort Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, F-79024 Niort, France.
Anses Niort Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, F-79024 Niort, France.
Vet Parasitol. 2014 May 28;202(3-4):326-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.02.027. Epub 2014 Feb 22.
Preliminary results obtained in calves, lambs and goat kids infected by Cryptosporidium sp. have indicated a partial prophylactic efficacy of halofuginone lactate when administered at 100 μg/kg body weight (BW). In this study, the efficacy of halofuginone lactate was evaluated in goat neonates experimentally inoculated with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts per oral route. The trial consisted in 2 replicated experiments carried out successively at 2 months of interval. Twenty-two 2- to 4-day-old kids were experimentally inoculated once, 2-3 days after the arrival in premises, with 10(6)C. parvum oocysts per oral route and were allocated into 2 groups. Animals of group 1 acted as untreated control whereas animals of group 2 received halofuginone lactate for 10 days from the infection day to day 9 post-infection (DPI) at a daily oral dose rate of 100 μg/kg BW. Individual oocyst shedding was monitored by daily examination of faecal smears stained by carbol fuchsin and scored semi-quantitatively (0-5) until 19 DPI. Daily diarrhoea scores, weight gain and mortality were recorded. In the first experiment, oocyst excretion started 1 DPI in the control group, was highest on 4 DPI (mean score 3.6) and became undetectable from 16-19 DPI. In the treated group, oocyst shedding started 1 day later, showed lower scores compared to control on 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10 DPI and vanished from 16 to 19 DPI. No significant difference was seen for weight gains between groups. Five kids died in the control group compared to 1 kid in the treated group. In the second (replicated) experiment, oocyst excretion started 2 DPI in the control group, was highest on 4 DPI (mean score 4.5) and became undetectable 18 and 19 DPI. In the treated group, oocyst shedding started 2 days later, peaked on 13 DPI (mean score 2.3) and persisted until the end of the experiment. No significant difference was seen for weight gains between groups. Ten kids died in the control group compared to 3 kids in the treated group. The results demonstrated the efficacy of halofuginone lactate when given as a prophylactic treatment at 100 μg/kg BW during 10 days in reducing oocyst shedding, diarrhoea and mortality in goat kid cryptosporidiosis.
初步结果表明，在感染隐孢子虫的小牛、羔羊和山羊幼崽中，以 100μg/kg 体重（BW）给予乳酸卤泛群具有一定的预防效果。在这项研究中，通过口服途径用微小隐孢子虫卵囊对山羊新生儿进行实验接种，评估了乳酸卤泛群的疗效。试验由 2 个连续进行的重复试验组成，间隔 2 个月。22 头 2-4 日龄的幼崽在抵达场地后 2-3 天，经口接种 10（6）微小隐孢子虫卵囊 1 次，将其分为 2 组。第 1 组动物为未处理的对照组，而第 2 组动物从感染日至感染后第 9 天（DPI），每天口服 100μg/kg BW 的乳酸卤泛群。通过每天检查用甲紫福马林染色的粪便涂片，监测个体卵囊脱落情况，并在 19 DPI 前进行半定量评分（0-5）。记录每日腹泻评分、体重增加和死亡率。在第一次试验中，对照组的卵囊排泄于第 1 天开始，在第 4 天达到高峰（平均评分 3.6），并于第 16-19 天检测不到。在治疗组中，卵囊脱落开始于第 1 天之后，与对照组相比，第 4、5、6、7 和 10 天的评分较低，第 16-19 天检测不到。两组之间的体重增加没有显著差异。对照组有 5 只幼崽死亡，治疗组有 1 只幼崽死亡。在第二次（重复）试验中，对照组的卵囊排泄于第 2 天开始，在第 4 天达到高峰（平均评分 4.5），并于第 18 和 19 天检测不到。在治疗组中，卵囊脱落于第 2 天开始，于第 13 天达到高峰（平均评分 2.3），并持续至试验结束。两组之间的体重增加没有显著差异。对照组有 10 只幼崽死亡，治疗组有 3 只幼崽死亡。结果表明，在山羊微小隐孢子虫病中，以 100μg/kg BW 连续 10 天预防性给予乳酸卤泛群可有效减少卵囊脱落、腹泻和死亡率。
