Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Endocr Pract. 2010 May-Jun;16(3):506-11. doi: 10.4158/EP09344.RA.
To review issues surrounding management of diabetes mellitus during times of extreme high temperatures.
Materials used for this article were identified through a search of MEDLINE publications from 1966 to 2009. We chose English-language articles by using terms that cross-referenced diabetes mellitus, hot temperature, heat, desert, and insulin.
Persons with diabetes may have greater susceptibility to adverse effects from heat (ie, increased number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations, increased occurrence of dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities, and higher death rate) than persons without diabetes. Alterations in glucose homeostasis may occur, and changes in insulin kinetics and stability are possible. The impact of heat exposure on equipment performance (eg, glucometers) must be considered.
Having diabetes places a person at risk for heat-related health problems. Physicians must be aware of possible complications that diabetic patients may encounter in summer heat to prevent problems. Patient educational materials should be developed relating to self management skills in the heat, and the topic should be included in standard diabetes education programs when applicable.
回顾在极端高温环境下管理糖尿病时需要考虑的问题。
通过检索 1966 年至 2009 年 MEDLINE 上的出版物，确定本文使用的资料。我们选择了使用交叉参照糖尿病、热温度、热、沙漠和胰岛素的英文术语的文章。
与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者可能更容易受到热的不良影响（即急诊就诊和住院的次数增加、脱水和电解质异常的发生率增加、死亡率更高）。葡萄糖稳态可能发生改变，胰岛素动力学和稳定性也可能发生变化。必须考虑热暴露对设备性能（例如血糖仪）的影响。
患有糖尿病会使患者面临与热相关的健康问题的风险。医生必须了解糖尿病患者在夏季高温下可能遇到的并发症，以预防问题的发生。应制定与热环境下自我管理技能相关的患者教育材料，并在适用时将该主题纳入标准的糖尿病教育计划中。
