Maier K J, Knight A W
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis 95616.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Feb;20(2):282-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01055917.
The concentrations of many elements, including boron, are increasing in aquatic ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities. Laboratory studies were undertaken to evaluate the toxicity of waterborne boron to two key freshwater macroinvertebrates and to evaluate the effects of water hardness and sulfate on boron toxicity. Acute toxicity evaluations of waterborne sodium tetraborate resulted in 48 h. LC50 values of 141 and 1376 mg B/L for neonate Daphnia magna and fourth instar Chironomus decorus, respectively. Chronic sublethal studies demonstrated a significant decrease in C. decorus growth rate at 20 mg B/L. Further studies showed that increasing water hardness (10.6 to 170 mg/L as CaCO3) and sulfate (10.2 to 325.4 mg SO4(-2)/L) concentrations did not affect boron toxicity to D. magna. These results, in conjunction with a review of the literature, suggest that aquatic macrophytes may be more sensitive to boron than macroinvertebrates and thus would be better choices for aquatic risk assessment evaluations for this element.
由于人为活动，包括硼在内的许多元素在水生生态系统中的浓度正在增加。开展了实验室研究，以评估水溶态硼对两种关键淡水大型无脊椎动物的毒性，并评估水硬度和硫酸盐对硼毒性的影响。水溶态四硼酸钠的急性毒性评估持续了48小时。新生大型溞和四龄装饰摇蚊的48小时半数致死浓度（LC50）值分别为141和1376毫克硼/升。慢性亚致死研究表明，在20毫克硼/升时，装饰摇蚊的生长速率显著下降。进一步研究表明，水硬度（以碳酸钙计为10.6至170毫克/升）和硫酸盐（10.2至325.4毫克硫酸根离子/升）浓度的增加不会影响硼对大型溞的毒性。这些结果，结合文献综述，表明水生大型植物可能比大型无脊椎动物对硼更敏感，因此对于该元素的水生风险评估而言，水生大型植物将是更好的选择。
