Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
Eur Respir J. 2010 Sep;36(3):480-7. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00186509. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
The aim of our study was to examine sex-specific associations between different aspects of socioeconomic status (SES) (educational level, occupational status, income) and lung function in a general adult population. In the Hordaland County Cohort Study, 1,644 subjects aged 26-82 yrs at baseline answered questionnaires and performed post-bronchodilator spirometry both in 1996-1997 and in 2003-2006. We performed adjusted linear regression analysis on the effect of SES on decline in forced experimental volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV(1)/FVC. Mean annual decline in FEV(1) from baseline to follow-up was 57 mL (se 1.3) and 48 mL (se 1.0) for males and females, respectively. Males had a larger decline in FVC than females, while females had a larger decline in FEV(1)/FVC. Lower education and low occupational status were associated with larger male lung function decline. SES did not affect female lung function decline. However, marital status was a significant predictor; unmarried females had less decline than both married and widowed females in both FEV(1) (adjusted mean annual difference 8 mL and 16 mL) and FVC (adjusted mean annual difference 8 mL and 18 mL). Low SES was associated with increased lung function decline in males. For females, marital status was more important.
我们的研究目的是检验社会经济地位（SES）（教育水平、职业地位、收入）的不同方面与一般成年人群体的肺功能之间的性别特异性关联。在霍达兰县队列研究中，1644 名年龄在 26-82 岁的受试者在基线时回答了问卷，并在 1996-1997 年和 2003-2006 年进行了支气管扩张剂后肺功能检查。我们对 SES 对 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）和 FEV1/FVC 下降的影响进行了调整线性回归分析。从基线到随访，男性 FEV1 的平均年下降量为 57ml（se 1.3），女性为 48ml（se 1.0）。男性 FVC 的下降幅度大于女性，而女性 FEV1/FVC 的下降幅度大于男性。较低的教育程度和较低的职业地位与男性肺功能下降幅度较大有关。SES 并未影响女性肺功能下降。然而，婚姻状况是一个重要的预测因素；未婚女性在 FEV1（调整后的年平均差异为 8ml 和 16ml）和 FVC（调整后的年平均差异为 8ml 和 18ml）方面的下降幅度均小于已婚和丧偶女性。低 SES 与男性肺功能下降幅度增加有关。对于女性来说，婚姻状况更为重要。
