Anestesia e Rianimazione SSN, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Cisanello Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
Minerva Anestesiol. 2010 Feb;76(2):93-9.
We aimed at assessing the opinion and degree of acceptance of physicians and nurses in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) toward an open ICU as our regional ethical committee has advised that ICU visitation policies be reformed using such a new approach.
This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter survey using the Beliefs and Attitudes toward Visitation in ICU Questionnaire mailed to the ICUs in our region.
A total of 28 ICUs were invited, and 25 agreed to participate in this survey; 377 nurses and 230 physicians were surveyed with overall response rates of 94.9%% and 84.7%%, respectively. Nurses considered an open visiting policy to be an infringement on patient privacy (P<0.01), a possible interference with interactions between caregivers (P<0.01) and an impediment to their duties (P<0.05). They also significantly differed from physicians in considering open visitations a cause of more adverse hemodynamic events (P<0.05) and higher physiological and psychological stress for patients (P<0.05). With regard to attitudes, nurses strongly disagreed more frequently with the following: allowing everyone to visit the patient, accepting an open visitation policy in their unit, giving control of the visitation policy to the patient (P<0.01) and adapting visitation to the culture/ethnicity of the patients (P<0.0001).
This study points out that, in our region, physicians are more liberal and able than nurses to "customize" their wards to the specific psychosocial and emotional needs of patients and visitors.
本研究旨在评估重症监护病房（ICU）的医生和护士对开放式 ICU 的意见和接受程度，因为我们的区域伦理委员会建议采用这种新方法改革 ICU 探视政策。
这是一项描述性、横断面、多中心调查，使用 ICU 探视信念和态度问卷，通过邮件发送给我们地区的 ICU。
共邀请了 28 个 ICU，其中 25 个同意参与这项调查；调查了 377 名护士和 230 名医生，总体回复率分别为 94.9%和 84.7%。护士认为开放式探视政策侵犯了患者隐私（P<0.01），可能干扰医护人员之间的互动（P<0.01），并妨碍其职责（P<0.05）。与医生相比，他们还认为开放式探视会导致更多不良的血流动力学事件（P<0.05），并给患者带来更高的生理和心理压力（P<0.05）。在态度方面，护士更频繁地强烈不同意以下观点：允许每个人探视患者、在自己的病房接受开放式探视政策、将探视政策的控制权交给患者（P<0.01）以及根据患者的文化/种族调整探视政策（P<0.0001）。
本研究表明，在我们的地区，与护士相比，医生更自由，能够根据患者和探视者的特定社会心理和情感需求“定制”他们的病房。
