Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010 Jan-Feb;86(1):59-64. doi: 10.2223/JPED.1973.
To estimate the energy and macronutrient intake at home and at all-day in the kindergarten programs in children aged 2 to 6 and to investigate differences in consumption and intake between children at public and private kindergartens.
This was a cross-sectional study of 362 preschool children from Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Nutritional status was assessed in terms of weight to height ratios. Foods consumed in the kindergarten were evaluated by weighing the actual foods eaten by the children and home intakes were calculated from a food diary kept by parents or guardians. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05).
It was found that 28 children (7.7%) were overweight, 92 (25.4%) were at risk of becoming overweight and seven (1.9%) were classified as having wasting. Analysis of 24-hour nutritional intake demonstrated that 51.3% of the energy, 60.3% of the lipids and 51.6% of the proteins consumed by children were eaten at home, despite the children spending the whole day in the kindergarten programs. Preschool children at kindergartens ate greater quantities of energy (p = 0.001), carbohydrates (p < 0.001), and lipids (p = 0.04) than did children at public kindergartens, but their total daily intakes were similar, irrespective of which type of kindergarten program children attended.
The findings suggest that these children eat proportionally more energy, proteins and lipids in their extra meals at home than they do in their daytime meals in the kindergarten programs. Despite the differences in intake between public and private kindergarten, daily intakes were similar.
评估 2 至 6 岁儿童在家庭和全日幼儿园活动中的能量和宏量营养素摄入量，并调查公立和私立幼儿园儿童在摄入量方面的差异。
这是巴西卡西亚斯杜苏尔的一项横断面研究，共纳入 362 名学龄前儿童。营养状况通过体重与身高的比值进行评估。通过称重儿童实际食用的食物来评估幼儿园的食物消耗，通过家长或监护人的饮食记录来计算家庭摄入量。采用曼-惠特尼 U 检验进行统计分析（p＜0.05）。
发现 28 名儿童（7.7%）超重，92 名儿童（25.4%）有超重风险，7 名儿童（1.9%）消瘦。对 24 小时营养摄入的分析表明，尽管儿童在全日幼儿园活动中度过了一整天，但仍有 51.3%的能量、60.3%的脂肪和 51.6%的蛋白质是在家中摄入的。幼儿园儿童摄入的能量（p=0.001）、碳水化合物（p＜0.001）和脂肪（p=0.04）均多于公立幼儿园儿童，但无论儿童就读哪种类型的幼儿园，其总日摄入量相似。
这些发现表明，这些儿童在家中额外餐次摄入的能量、蛋白质和脂肪比例高于幼儿园日间餐次。尽管公立和私立幼儿园的摄入量存在差异，但每日摄入量相似。
