Department of Periodontics, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98195-6365, USA.
J Periodontol. 2010 Feb;81(2):300-9. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.090379.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem with increasing prevalence and poor outcomes, including severe cardiovascular disease and renal osteodystrophy. With advances in medical treatment, patients with CKD are living longer and require oral care. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of CKD and dietary phosphate on mandibular bone structure using a uremic mouse model.
Uremia (U) was induced in female dilute brown agouti/2 mice by partial renal ablation. Uremic mice received a normal-phosphate (NP) or a high-phosphate (HP) diet. sham surgeries were performed in a control group of mice; half received an NP diet, and the other half was fed an HP diet. At termination, animals were sacrificed, and mandibles were collected for microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histologic analysis.
Sera levels of blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased in U/NP and U/HP mice versus sham controls, whereas serum calcium was increased in the U/HP group, and no differences were noted in serum phosphate levels among groups. Micro-CT analyses revealed a significant reduction in cortical bone thickness and an increase in trabecular thickness and trabecular bone volume/tissue volume in U/NP and U/HP groups compared to the sham/NP group. A significant reduction in cortical bone thickness was also found in the sham/HP group versus the sham/NP group. Histologic evaluation confirmed increased trabeculation in the U groups.
CKD in mice, especially under conditions of HP feeding, results in marked effects on alveolar bone homeostasis.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一个全球性的健康问题，其患病率不断上升，且预后较差，包括严重的心血管疾病和肾性骨营养不良。随着医疗水平的进步，CKD 患者的寿命延长，需要进行口腔护理。本研究旨在使用尿毒症小鼠模型确定 CKD 和饮食磷酸盐对下颌骨结构的影响。
通过部分肾切除术诱导雌性稀释棕褐色阿瓜蒂/2 小鼠发生尿毒症。尿毒症小鼠接受正常磷酸盐（NP）或高磷酸盐（HP）饮食。在对照组小鼠中进行假手术；其中一半接受 NP 饮食，另一半接受 HP 饮食。在实验结束时，处死动物并采集下颌骨进行微计算机断层扫描（micro-CT）和组织学分析。
与 sham 对照组相比，U/NP 和 U/HP 小鼠的血清尿素氮、甲状旁腺激素和碱性磷酸酶水平显著升高，而血清钙在 U/HP 组中升高，各组血清磷酸盐水平无差异。micro-CT 分析显示，与 sham/NP 组相比，U/NP 和 U/HP 组的皮质骨厚度显著降低，小梁厚度和小梁骨体积/组织体积增加。与 sham/NP 组相比，sham/HP 组的皮质骨厚度也显著降低。组织学评估证实 U 组小梁增多。
小鼠 CKD，特别是在 HP 喂养条件下，对牙槽骨稳态有明显影响。
