School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, James Cook University, Qld 4811, Australia.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 May 28;170(1-2):104-11. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.028. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
Successful mechanical transmission of surra between animals by tabanid flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) depends to a large extent on the blood-feeding behaviour of the tabanid species prevalent in the area. We studied tabanid-host interactions in Australia to better predict risk of surra transmission and design intervention strategies. At least six tabanid species were observed alighting on horses, pigs and kangaroos, but the most abundant were Tabanus pallipennis Macquart, Pseudotabanus silvester Bergroth and T. townsvilli Ricardo. The behaviour of tabanids in terms of landing location on the host body, duration of feeding and the proportion completing the blood-meal varied with fly species and host species. The findings predict that some species of tabanid such as T. pallipennis should be better vectors and some species of host such as pigs should be better reservoirs of surra based on the inability of flies to feed to repletion and longer feeding durations. This will result in multiple feeds and increased risk of exposure to the infectious agent, respectively, which increases the risk of transmission. Insecticide treatments should target preferred feeding sites on the host's body.
成功地通过虻类（双翅目：虻科）将苏拉病在动物之间机械传播在很大程度上取决于该地区流行的虻类物种的吸血行为。我们研究了澳大利亚的虻类与宿主的相互作用，以更好地预测苏拉病传播的风险并设计干预策略。至少有六种虻类被观察到落在马、猪和袋鼠身上，但最丰富的是 Tabanus pallipennis Macquart、Pseudotabanus silvester Bergroth 和 T. townsvilli Ricardo。虻类的行为，包括在宿主身体上降落的位置、吸血的持续时间和完成吸血的比例，因蝇种和宿主种类而异。研究结果预测，一些虻类物种，如 T. pallipennis，应该是更好的传播媒介，而一些宿主物种，如猪，应该是苏拉病的更好的储主，这是基于虻类无法吃饱和吸血持续时间较长，从而导致多次进食和增加接触感染因子的风险，这分别增加了传播的风险。杀虫剂处理应该针对宿主身体上的首选进食部位。
