Nielsen Søren Saxmose, Alvarez Julio, Bicout Dominique Joseph, Calistri Paolo, Depner Klaus, Drewe Julian Ashley, Garin-Bastuji Bruno, Gonzales Rojas Jose Luis, Schmidt Christian, Herskin Mette, Michel Virginie, Pasquali Paolo, Roberts Helen Claire, Sihvonen Liisa Helena, Spoolder Hans, Stahl Karl, Velarde Antonio, Winckler Christoph, Blome Sandra, Boklund Anette, Bøtner Anette, Dhollander Sofie, Rapagnà Cristina, Van der Stede Yves, Miranda Chueca Miguel Angel
EFSA J. 2021 Jun 21;19(6):e06676. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6676. eCollection 2021 Jun.
The European Commission requested that EFSA provide study designs for the investigation of four research domains according to major gaps in knowledge identified by EFSA in a report published in 2019: (i) the patterns of seasonality of African Swine Fever (ASF) in wild boar and domestic pigs in the EU; (ii) the epidemiology of ASF in wild boar; (iii) survival of ASF virus (ASFV) in the environment and (iv) transmission of ASFV by vectors. In this Scientific Opinion, the fourth research domain on ASFV transmission by vectors is addressed. Eleven research objectives were proposed by the EFSA working group and broader ASF expert networks, such as ASF stop, ENETWILD, VectorNet, AHAW network and the AHAW Panel Experts. Of the 11 research objectives, six were prioritised based on the following set of criteria: (1) the impact on ASF management; (2) the feasibility or practicality to carry out the study; (3) the potential implementation of study results in practice; (4) a possible short time-frame study (< 1 year); (5) the novelty of the study and (6) if it was a priority for risk managers. The prioritised research objectives were: (I) Studies on the potential vector fauna at the pig-wild boar interface and the feeding preference of blood-feeding potential vectors in ASF-affected areas; (II) Assessment of the efficacy of insect screens on indoor/outdoor pig holdings to prevent the entry of blood-sucking vectors (i.e. Stomoxys) in ASF endemic areas; (III) Assess the role of mechanical vectors in the virus transmission in ASF-affected areas; (IV) Distribution of the potential mechanical transmission vectors in ASF-affected areas of the EU; (V) ASFV transmission by synanthropic birds; and (VI) Assessment on the presence/absence of the soft tick Ornithodoros erraticus in ASF-affected areas in Europe. For each of the selected research objectives, a research protocol has been proposed considering the potential impact on ASF management and the period of 1 year for the research activities.
欧盟委员会要求欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）根据其在2019年发布的一份报告中确定的主要知识空白，提供四个研究领域的调查研究设计：（i）欧盟野猪和家猪中非洲猪瘟（ASF）的季节性模式；（ii）野猪中ASF的流行病学；（iii）ASF病毒（ASFV）在环境中的存活情况；以及（iv）媒介传播ASFV的情况。本科学意见涉及关于媒介传播ASFV的第四个研究领域。EFSA工作组以及更广泛的ASF专家网络，如ASF防治组织、欧洲野生动物网络、媒介网络、动物健康与福利网络（AHAW网络）和AHAW专家小组，提出了11个研究目标。在这11个研究目标中，根据以下一组标准对6个目标进行了优先排序：（1）对ASF管理的影响；（2）开展研究的可行性或实用性；（3）研究结果在实践中的潜在应用；（4）可能的短期研究（<1年）；（5）研究的新颖性；以及（6）是否是风险管理者的优先事项。优先排序的研究目标为：（I）研究受ASF影响地区猪与野猪交界处的潜在媒介动物群以及有吸血潜力的媒介的取食偏好；（II）评估室内/室外猪场中防虫网对防止吸血媒介（即厩螫蝇）进入ASF流行地区的效果；（III）评估机械性媒介在受ASF影响地区病毒传播中的作用；（IV）欧盟受ASF影响地区潜在机械传播媒介的分布；（V）共生鸟类传播ASFV的情况；以及（VI）评估欧洲受ASF影响地区是否存在软蜱奇异扇头蜱。对于每个选定的研究目标，都提出了一项研究方案，同时考虑了对ASF管理的潜在影响以及为期1年的研究活动时间。
