Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2010 Jun;20(3):218-24. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
Bladder cancer is the 5th commonest cancer and two major risk factors are smoking and occupational chemical exposure. There is also evidence of a genetic component to its aetiology. Candidate gene studies have mostly focused on genes involved in adduct metabolism and DNA repair, including a recent consortium-based meta-analysis. Recently, two genome-wide association studies in bladder cancer have been published and a third is awaited with interest. These first two studies have identified three SNPs of genome-wide significance, two located within the 8q24 'gene desert'. These SNPs are positioned near or within loci of genes potentially implicated in cancer predisposition, namely MYC, TP63 and PSCA, although the functional significance of this is as yet unclear.
膀胱癌是第五大常见癌症，两个主要的危险因素是吸烟和职业化学暴露。其发病机制也有遗传因素的证据。候选基因研究主要集中在参与加合物代谢和 DNA 修复的基因上，包括最近的基于联盟的荟萃分析。最近，有三项关于膀胱癌的全基因组关联研究已经发表，人们饶有兴趣地期待着第三项研究。前两项研究已经确定了三个具有全基因组意义的单核苷酸多态性，两个位于 8q24“基因荒漠”内。这些单核苷酸多态性位于可能与癌症易感性有关的基因的附近或之内，即 MYC、TP63 和 PSCA，尽管其功能意义尚不清楚。
