World Health Organization Office for South East Asia, HIV and AIDS Unit, New Delhi, India.
Glob Public Health. 2011;6(2):168-80. doi: 10.1080/17441690903527314.
Historically, the response of the Vietnamese government to illicit drug use and HIV has been slow and ineffective. However, 2006 saw the government formally endorse harm reduction interventions. This paper examines the views of senior key informants inside Vietnam on the development of an advocacy strategy for harm reduction. Twenty-nine informants were interviewed across public health, public security, social affairs and other international bodies, including United Nations agencies and international non-governmental organisations. Challenges and barriers identified for harm reduction progress included: promoting a nationwide understanding and acceptance of harm reduction and the HIV Law; lack of skilled resources, training programmes and technical capacity; poor coverage of interventions; and gaps in the sharing of information. There is currently a government-led shift in Vietnam in the response to the prevailing HIV epidemic among drug users, but ensuring that the HIV Law can operate unhindered is critical. The implementation of a response to illicit drug use and HIV remains an enormous challenge. With appropriate technical education and training, ongoing advocacy, and a cohesive, coordinated multi-sectoral effort, the capacity of the government and community to adopt, support and promote measures to reduce HIV and other drug-related harms will be markedly strengthened.
从历史上看，越南政府对非法药物使用和艾滋病毒的反应缓慢且低效。然而，2006 年，政府正式认可了减少伤害干预措施。本文探讨了越南内部的高级关键知情者对制定减少伤害宣传策略的看法。在公共卫生、公共安全、社会事务和其他国际机构，包括联合国机构和国际非政府组织，对 29 名知情者进行了采访。减少伤害进展面临的挑战和障碍包括：促进全国范围内对减少伤害和艾滋病毒法的理解和接受；缺乏熟练的资源、培训方案和技术能力；干预措施覆盖面差；信息共享存在差距。目前，越南政府对吸毒者中流行的艾滋病毒疫情的反应正在发生转变，但确保艾滋病毒法能够不受阻碍地运作至关重要。应对非法药物使用和艾滋病毒的措施的实施仍然是一个巨大的挑战。通过适当的技术教育和培训、持续的宣传以及协调一致的多部门努力，政府和社区采取、支持和推广措施以减少艾滋病毒和其他与毒品相关的危害的能力将得到显著加强。
