Schurr M O, Buess G F
Section for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2000;9(3-4):179-84. doi: 10.1080/13645700009169645.
The development of endoscopic techniques has significantly changed surgery. The increasing complexity of devices being used has increased the demand for improved ergonomics and functionality. Since the early 1990s the development of system solutions for the operating room (OR) has been a topic of major interest for surgeons and industry. The first integrated surgical workplace system was introduced by Dornier (Orest) in 1994. Several other solutions are now commercially available. Their common feature is the ability to control the different functions of the individual devices (e.g. high-frequency waves, camera, or insufflation) via remote control systems directly from the operating table. Other developments in OR systems include ergonomic aids for the surgeon, such as a chair dedicated to the functional needs of endoscopic surgery. The chair is powered by electric motors controlled by a foot-pedal joystick and its position can be altered to achieve the desired position in the OR. Also significant in endoscopic surgery was the introduction of robotic technology, namely devices that assist solo-surgery and manipulators for microsurgical instrumentation.
内镜技术的发展极大地改变了外科手术。所使用设备日益复杂，对改进人体工程学和功能的需求也随之增加。自20世纪90年代初以来，手术室（OR）系统解决方案的开发一直是外科医生和行业主要关注的话题。1994年，多尼尔（奥雷斯特）推出了首个集成手术工作场所系统。现在市场上还有其他几种解决方案。它们的共同特点是能够通过遥控系统直接在手术台上控制各个设备的不同功能（如高频波、摄像头或气腹）。手术室系统的其他发展包括为外科医生提供人体工程学辅助工具，例如一款专为内镜手术功能需求设计的椅子。该椅子由电动马达驱动，通过脚踏板操纵杆控制，其位置可以改变，以在手术室内达到所需位置。机器人技术的引入在内镜手术中也具有重要意义，即协助单人手术的设备和用于显微手术器械操作的机械手。
