Fischer H, Selig M, Vagner J, Vogel B, Hempel E, Kaiser M, Brhel K, Hinz A, Felden A, Schäf A, Gumb L, Ullrich U, Grünhagen A, Voges U, Kühnapfel H, Cakmak H, Maass H, Becker H, Breitwieser H, Mikut R, Oberle R, Eppler W, Schlossmacher P, Pfleging W, Kaiser W A, Schüler S, Cichon R, Cornelius M, Kappert U, Schurr M O, Buess G, Falk V
Institute for Medical Engineering and Biophysics, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK), Karlsruhe, Germany.
Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2000;9(3-4):255-67. doi: 10.1080/13645700009169656.
The research activities of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe on minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) have for several years improved techniques and instrumentation for different types of MIS. Many types of instruments and robotic devices have been developed and new techniques implemented. In this paper we present the most recent results from our different projects, such as endoscopic heart surgery, tracking systems, a camera guidance device, telemanipulator systems, minimally-invasive breast biopsy in closed-bore MRI, endoscopic training simulators and developments using smart materials (e.g. Nitinol).
卡尔斯鲁厄研究中心在微创手术（MIS）方面的研究活动多年来一直在改进不同类型微创手术的技术和仪器。已经开发了多种类型的仪器和机器人设备，并实施了新技术。在本文中，我们展示了我们不同项目的最新成果，例如内窥镜心脏手术、跟踪系统、一种摄像头引导装置、远程操作器系统、在闭孔磁共振成像中的微创乳腺活检、内窥镜训练模拟器以及使用智能材料（如镍钛诺）的开发成果。
