Laboratoire de Microbiologie Géochimie et Ecologie Marines, CNRS/INSU, UMR 6117, Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, Campus de Luminy, Case 901, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France.
Extremophiles. 2010 Mar;14(2):225-31. doi: 10.1007/s00792-010-0301-z. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
Little information exists about the ability of halophilic archaea present in hypersaline environments to degrade hydrocarbons. In order to identify the potential actors of hydrocarbon degradation in these environments, enrichment cultures were prepared using samples collected from a shallow crystallizer pond with no known contamination history in Camargue, France, with n-alkanes provided as source of carbon and energy. Five alkane-degrading halophilic archaeal strains were isolated: one (strain MSNC 2) was closely related to Haloarcula and three (strains MSNC 4, MSNC 14, and MSNC 16) to Haloferax. Biodegradation assays showed that depending on the strain, 32 to 95% (0.5 g/l) of heptadecane was degraded after 30 days of incubation at 40 degrees C in 225 g/l NaCl artificial medium. One of the strains (MSNC 14) was also able to degrade phenanthrene. This work clearly shows for the first time the potential role of halophilic archaea belonging to the genera Haloarcula and Haloferax in the degradation of hydrocarbons in both pristine and hydrocarbon-contaminated hypersaline environments.
关于存在于高盐环境中的嗜盐古菌降解碳氢化合物的能力，目前的信息很少。为了鉴定这些环境中烃类降解的潜在作用因子，我们利用从法国卡马格（Camargue）一个浅结晶池采集的样本，用烷烃作为碳源和能源，制备了富集培养物。该样本没有已知的污染历史。我们从中分离出了 5 株能够降解烷烃的嗜盐古菌菌株：其中一株（菌株 MSNC 2）与盐杆菌属（Haloarcula）密切相关，另外 3 株（菌株 MSNC 4、MSNC 14 和 MSNC 16）与盐盒菌属（Haloferax）有关。生物降解实验表明，在 40°C 、225g/L NaCl 人工介质中培养 30 天后，根据菌株的不同，十七烷的降解率为 32%至 95%（0.5g/L）。其中一个菌株（MSNC 14）还能够降解菲。这一工作首次明确表明，盐杆菌属和盐盒菌属的嗜盐古菌在未受污染和受烃类污染的高盐环境中降解烃类的潜在作用。
