Department of Environmental Immunology, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
Indoor Air. 2010 Jun;20(3):187-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2009.00640.x. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
Studies addressing the relationship between pet keeping and development of asthma and allergies may be influenced by pet avoidance in families with a history of allergic disease. Following a cohort of 1019 children in Oslo till 10 years of age, we studied the association of pet keeping with socio-economic factors and allergic disease in the family. A family history of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis was not significantly associated with pet ownership at birth or with pet removal by 10 years. Acquiring cats and dogs was less likely if the child had allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, whereas no association was seen with asthma (in any family member). Single parenthood increased the likelihood of acquiring a cat, smoking parents more often had cats or dogs, and having older siblings was associated with keeping dogs and other furry pets. Among 319 families reporting pet avoidance, 70% never had pets, 8% had given up pets, and 22% avoided a particular type of pet only. Twenty-four per cent of the parents failed to retrospectively report pet keeping during the child's first year of life. Overall, allergic rhinitis, but not asthma was associated with actual pet avoidance, whereas the strongest predictors for keeping pets were found to be socio-economic factors.
Allergic disease in a child most often does not lead to the removal of the family's furry pet. Pet avoidance is associated with allergic symptoms, but not asthma. Socio-economic factors like parental education, single parenthood and smoking affects the families' decisions on pet keeping, including the type of pets the families will avoid or acquire. The large recall error demonstrated points to the need for prospective data regarding pet keeping.
研究宠物饲养与哮喘和过敏发展之间的关系可能会受到有过敏病史家庭中宠物回避的影响。在对奥斯陆的 1019 名儿童进行队列研究直至 10 岁后，我们研究了宠物饲养与家庭中社会经济因素和过敏性疾病之间的关系。家族哮喘和鼻结膜炎病史与出生时拥有宠物或 10 岁时去除宠物无显著相关性。如果孩子患有过敏性鼻结膜炎，那么获得猫和狗的可能性较小，而与哮喘（任何家庭成员）无关。单亲家庭更有可能养猫，吸烟的父母更常养猫或狗，有兄弟姐妹的家庭更有可能养狗和其他毛茸茸的宠物。在报告宠物回避的 319 个家庭中，70%从未养过宠物，8%放弃了宠物，22%仅回避特定类型的宠物。24%的父母未能回顾性报告孩子生命的第一年中养宠物的情况。总体而言，过敏性鼻炎，但不是哮喘与实际的宠物回避有关，而保留宠物的最强预测因素是社会经济因素。
孩子的过敏疾病通常不会导致家庭毛茸茸的宠物被移除。宠物回避与过敏症状有关，但与哮喘无关。像父母教育、单亲家庭和吸烟这样的社会经济因素会影响家庭对养宠物的决定，包括家庭将回避或获得的宠物类型。大的回忆错误表明需要前瞻性的数据来研究宠物饲养情况。
