用嘴吸尘？：儿童对熟悉动词新扩展含义的理解能力。
Vacuuming with my mouth?: Children's ability to comprehend novel extensions of familiar verbs.
作者信息
Seston Rebecca, Golinkoff Roberta Michnick, Ma Weiyi, Hirsh-Pasek Kathy
机构信息
Boston University.
出版信息
Cogn Dev. 2009 Apr 1;24(2):113-124. doi: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2008.12.001.
Can 6- and 8-year-olds (and adults) comprehend common instrument verbs when extended to novel situations? Participants heard eight unusual extensions of common verbs and were asked to paraphrase the verbs' meanings. Half of the verbs used were specified instrument verbs that include the name of the instrument used to perform the action (e.g., a vacuum is used to vacuum); the other half were open instrument verbs (e.g., write) whose function can be performed with a range of objects. Results suggest that children's ability to interpret verb extensions increases with age, that open instrument verb extensions were more difficult to comprehend than specified instrument verb extensions and that performance on verb extension correlates with scores on a standardized test of language acquisition. Verb knowledge continues to develop well beyond the preschool years.
6岁和8岁的儿童（以及成年人）在面对扩展到新情境中的常见工具动词时能够理解吗？参与者听了八个常见动词的不寻常扩展，并被要求解释这些动词的含义。所使用的动词中有一半是特定工具动词，包括用于执行动作的工具名称（例如，用吸尘器吸尘）；另一半是开放工具动词（例如，写），其功能可以通过一系列物体来执行。结果表明，儿童解释动词扩展的能力随年龄增长而提高，开放工具动词扩展比特定工具动词扩展更难理解，并且动词扩展任务的表现与语言习得标准化测试的分数相关。动词知识在学前阶段之后仍在持续发展。
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