Selby Edward A, Joiner Thomas E
Florida State University.
Rev Gen Psychol. 2009 Sep 1;13(3):219. doi: 10.1037/a0015687.
Theories of borderline personality disorder (BPD) have often considered it a disorder involving both emotional and behavioral dysregulation (Linehan, 1993), yet the connection between these phenomena has been elusive. The following paper proposes the Emotional Cascade Model, a model that attempts to establish a clear relationship between emotional dysregulation and the wide array of dysregulated behaviors found in BPD. In this model, subsequent to an emotional stimulus, ruminative processes result in a positive feedback loop that increases emotional intensity, and this emotional intensity leads to ensuing behavioral dysregulation. These behaviors then provide negative feedback, in the form of distraction, which induces temporary reduction of negative emotion and thus relief. The model is presented in a framework in which BPD is considered an emergent phenomenon (Lewin, 1992), where the disorder arises from the total interactions of a network containing emotional cascades and other important factors. The model is then evaluated in light of various theories and therapeutic traditions, including both cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic, indicating that it is a model that may transcend traditional theoretical and therapeutic doctrines.
边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的理论通常认为它是一种涉及情绪和行为失调的障碍（Linehan，1993），然而这些现象之间的联系一直难以捉摸。以下论文提出了情绪级联模型，该模型试图在情绪失调与BPD中发现的一系列失调行为之间建立明确的关系。在这个模型中，在情绪刺激之后，反复思考的过程会导致一个正反馈循环，增加情绪强度，而这种情绪强度会导致随后的行为失调。这些行为随后以分散注意力的形式提供负反馈，从而导致负面情绪暂时减少，进而缓解。该模型是在一个框架中呈现的，在这个框架中，BPD被视为一种涌现现象（Lewin，1992），即该障碍源于一个包含情绪级联和其他重要因素的网络的整体相互作用。然后根据各种理论和治疗传统对该模型进行评估，包括认知行为和心理动力学理论，这表明它是一个可能超越传统理论和治疗学说的模型。
