Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Thromb Res. 2010 Jul;126(1):5-11. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.01.045. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
The use of oral contraceptives (OC) is a well established risk factor for venous thrombosis. It has been known for many years that almost all haemostatic parameters i.e. plasma levels of coagulation factors, anticoagulant proteins and proteins involved in the fibrinolytic pathway change during OC use. The discovery of several risk factors of venous thrombosis in the 1990s shed new light on the association between the effects of OC on the haemostatic system and the increased risk of venous thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of different kinds of hormonal contraceptives (OC, transdermal contraceptives, vaginal ring and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device) on haemostatic variables and the relationship between the changes of these variables and the risk of venous thrombosis.
口服避孕药（OC）的使用是静脉血栓形成的一个既定危险因素。多年来，人们已经知道，几乎所有的止血参数，即凝血因子、抗凝蛋白和纤维蛋白溶解途径中的蛋白的血浆水平，在 OC 使用期间都会发生变化。20 世纪 90 年代发现了几种静脉血栓形成的危险因素，这为 OC 对止血系统的影响与静脉血栓形成风险增加之间的关系提供了新的认识。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于不同种类的激素避孕药（OC、透皮避孕药、阴道环和左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器）对止血变量的影响，以及这些变量的变化与静脉血栓形成风险之间的关系的最新知识。
