Tiembré I, Dagnan S, Douba A, Adjogoua E V, Bourhy H, Dacheux L, Kouassi L, Dosso M, Odehouri-Koudou P
Centre antirabique, institut national d'hygiène publique d'Abidjan, BP V 14, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
Med Mal Infect. 2010 Jul;40(7):398-403. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2010.01.008. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiologic monitoring of human rabies in the rabies medical center of Abidjan.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken based on files of patients having consulted in the rabies center after exposure and suspicion of human rabies between January 2001 and June 2009.
Twenty-six cases of human rabies were reported in 10,706,136 inhabitants (annual incidence of 0.028 cases per 100,000). The number of detected cases increased considerably after reinforcing the monitoring of the disease. Most cases occurred in an urban environment and concerned both sexes. The most concerned age range was under 31 years. The patients' were mostly school children and housewives. In all cases, the rabid animal was a dog and the type of exposure was a bite. Fifty-six percent of the victims had not received any local treatment and almost all no post-exposure prophylaxis. The mean delay before the first symptoms was 49.5 days after exposure and for death, 4 days after the onset of symptoms. Virological diagnosis was made in four cases.
In spite of the increase of cases observed since 2006, certainly due to reinforcement of the monitoring network, improvement is needed to assess the real incidence of rabies in the Ivory Coast.
本研究的目的是分析阿比让狂犬病医疗中心对人类狂犬病的流行病学监测情况。
基于2001年1月至2009年6月期间在狂犬病中心咨询过的暴露后疑似人类狂犬病患者的档案进行了一项横断面研究。
在10,706,136名居民中报告了26例人类狂犬病病例（年发病率为每10万人0.028例）。加强疾病监测后，检测到的病例数大幅增加。大多数病例发生在城市环境中，涉及男女两性。最受关注的年龄范围是31岁以下。患者大多是学童和家庭主妇。在所有病例中，狂犬病动物均为狗，暴露类型为咬伤。56%的受害者未接受任何局部治疗，几乎所有人都未接受暴露后预防。首次出现症状前的平均延迟时间为暴露后49.5天，死亡时间为症状出现后4天。4例进行了病毒学诊断。
尽管自2006年以来观察到病例有所增加，这肯定归因于监测网络的加强，但仍需要改进以评估科特迪瓦狂犬病的实际发病率。
