Department of Medicine,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2010 Apr;100(4):646-53. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.165746. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
We assessed the effects of a school-based obesity prevention intervention that included dietary, curricula, and physical activity components on body mass index (BMI) percentiles and academic performance among low-income elementary school children.
The study had a quasi-experimental design (4 intervention schools and 1 control school; 4588 schoolchildren; 48% Hispanic) and was conducted over a 2-year period. Data are presented for the subset of the cohort who qualified for free or reduced-price school lunches (68% Hispanic; n = 1197). Demographic and anthropometric data were collected in the fall and spring of each year, and academic data were collected at the end of each year.
Significantly more intervention than control children stayed within normal BMI percentile ranges both years (P = .02). Although not significantly so, more obese children in the intervention (4.4%) than in the control (2.5%) decreased their BMI percentiles. Overall, intervention schoolchildren had significantly higher math scores both years (P < .001). Hispanic and White intervention schoolchildren were significantly more likely to have higher math scores (P < .001). Although not significantly so, intervention schoolchildren had higher reading scores both years.
School-based interventions can improve health and academic performance among low-income schoolchildren.
我们评估了一项基于学校的肥胖预防干预措施的效果，该干预措施包括饮食、课程和体育活动内容，以了解其对低收入小学生的体重指数（BMI）百分位和学业成绩的影响。
该研究采用准实验设计（4 所干预学校和 1 所对照学校；4588 名学生；48%为西班牙裔），持续了 2 年。本研究报告了符合免费或降价校餐条件的队列亚组的数据（68%为西班牙裔；n = 1197）。每年秋季和春季收集人口统计学和人体测量数据，并在每年年底收集学业数据。
与对照组相比，干预组中更多的儿童在两年内都保持在正常 BMI 百分位范围内（P =.02）。虽然没有显著差异，但干预组中更多肥胖的儿童（4.4%）比对照组（2.5%）降低了他们的 BMI 百分位。总的来说，干预组的小学生在两年内的数学成绩都显著提高（P <.001）。西班牙裔和白人干预组的学生更有可能获得更高的数学成绩（P <.001）。虽然没有显著差异，但干预组的学生在两年内的阅读成绩都有所提高。
基于学校的干预措施可以改善低收入小学生的健康和学业成绩。
