Mukaratirwa S, Hove T
School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000 South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2009 Sep;80(3):188-91. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v80i3.200.
A survey of ectoparasites, cestodes and husbandry aspects of indigenous free-range chickens was carried out in selected districts from the highveld and lowveld of rural Zimbabwe. The survey recorded infection with 4 species from the order Phthiraptera (lice), 1 species from the order Siphonaptera (fleas), 6 species from the order Acarina (ticks and mites) and 9 species of cestodes. Among the ectoparasites, the most prevalent was Menacanthus stramineus (87.7%) followed by Echidinophaga gallinacea (71.9%). Chickens in the Mazowe district had the highest number of ectoparasites species (10 of 11) followed by Goromonzi district (9 of 11) both these districts are situated in the highveld of Zimbabwe. The most prevalent cestode species was Raillietina tetragona (84.4%), followed by Raillietina echinobothrida (32.2%). Chickens in the Goromonzi district had the highest number of cestode species (7 of 9), followed by Mazowe district (one subgenus and 5 of 9). In all the districts sampled the main purpose of keeping free-range chickens was for meat for the household, with few households using the birds as a source of income. The majority of households kept their birds extensively with barely any appropriate housing, and supplementary feeding was only occasionally practised.
在津巴布韦农村高地和低地的选定地区，对本地放养土鸡的体外寄生虫、绦虫及饲养方面进行了一项调查。该调查记录了来自食毛目（虱子）的4个物种、蚤目（跳蚤）的1个物种、蜱螨目（蜱和螨）的6个物种以及9种绦虫的感染情况。在体外寄生虫中，最常见的是淡黄鸡羽虱（87.7%），其次是鸡皮刺螨（71.9%）。马佐韦区的鸡体外寄生虫种类最多（11种中的10种），其次是戈罗蒙齐区（11种中的9种），这两个区都位于津巴布韦的高地。最常见的绦虫种类是四角瑞利绦虫（84.4%），其次是棘盘瑞利绦虫（32.2%）。戈罗蒙齐区的鸡绦虫种类最多（9种中的7种），其次是马佐韦区（1个亚属和9种中的5种）。在所有抽样地区，饲养放养土鸡的主要目的是为家庭提供肉食，只有少数家庭将鸡作为收入来源。大多数家庭粗放式养鸡，几乎没有合适的鸡舍，仅偶尔进行补饲。
