Furukawa Yoko, Toji Chihiro, Fukui Mitsuru, Kazumi Tsutomu, Date Chigusa
School of Natural Science and Ecological Awareness, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2009 Dec;56(12):839-48.
The purpose of this study was to examine body composition, blood biochemical markers, and dietary intake in 2 groups of young women engaged in different physical activities and to assess the impact of sedentary lifestyle on risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
The subjects were 208 students of a women's university. Of these, 108 majored in nutrition (physically sedentary group, SG) and 100 majored in sports (physically active group, AG). We conducted a survey from mid-June to mid-July in 2004, during which physical examinations, including measurements of body weight and height, evaluation of body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), determination of the ankle brachial index (ABI) by measuring the brachial and ankle systolic and assessment of diastolic blood pressure, blood biochemical tests, and examination of 7-day weighted diet records (DRs) were all conducted. The physical and blood biochemical values and the food and nutrient intakes calculated from the DRs were then compared between the groups.
We analyzed a total 133 subjects who had completed all the DRs (78 SG subjects and 55 AG subjects). A comparison between the 2 groups revealed mean body mass indices (BMIs) of 20.5 and 21.4 kg/m2 and mean body fat percentages of 29.4% and 22.6% in the SG and AG subjects, respectively. Even though the SG subjects had lower BMIs, they had significantly higher body fat percentages. The ankle systolic blood pressure and ABI were significantly higher in the AG subjects. With regard to blood biochemistry, the HOMA-beta, leptin, and apoprotein-B levels were significantly higher in the SG subjects. The mean energy intakes (kcal/day) of the SG and AG subjects was 1550 and 1853, respectively. The intakes of most nutrients were significantly higher in the AG subjects, and the amount of food consumed by the SG subjects was low.
The levels of blood biochemical markers such as leptin and apoprotein-B were higher and the ABI was lower in the SG subjects than in the AG subjects. We think that these results are attributable to the accumulation of body fat, including visceral fat. Therefore, it is important for SG subjects to increase their energy expenditure by regular exercise and consume a diet that corresponds to their dietary requirements.
本研究旨在调查两组从事不同体育活动的年轻女性的身体成分、血液生化指标和饮食摄入情况，并评估久坐不动的生活方式对糖尿病和心血管疾病危险因素的影响。
研究对象为一所女子大学的208名学生。其中，108名主修营养学（久坐不动组，SG），100名主修体育（体育活动组，AG）。2004年6月中旬至7月中旬期间，我们开展了一项调查，在此期间进行了包括体重和身高测量、使用双能X线吸收法（DXA）评估身体成分、通过测量肱动脉和踝部收缩压测定踝臂指数（ABI）以及评估舒张压、血液生化检测以及对7天加权饮食记录（DRs）进行检查等体格检查。然后比较两组之间的体格和血液生化值以及从DRs计算得出的食物和营养摄入量。
我们分析了总共133名完成所有DRs的受试者（78名SG受试者和55名AG受试者）。两组之间的比较显示，SG组和AG组受试者的平均体重指数（BMI）分别为20.5和21.4kg/m²，平均体脂百分比分别为29.4%和22.6%。尽管SG组受试者的BMI较低，但她们的体脂百分比明显更高。AG组受试者的踝部收缩压和ABI明显更高。在血液生化方面，SG组受试者的HOMA-β、瘦素和载脂蛋白B水平明显更高。SG组和AG组受试者的平均能量摄入量（千卡/天）分别为1550和1853。AG组受试者的大多数营养素摄入量明显更高，SG组受试者的食物摄入量较低。
SG组受试者的瘦素和载脂蛋白B等血液生化指标水平高于AG组受试者，而ABI则低于AG组受试者。我们认为这些结果归因于包括内脏脂肪在内的身体脂肪堆积。因此，对于SG组受试者来说，通过定期锻炼增加能量消耗并食用符合其饮食需求的饮食非常重要。
