Keith R E, O'Keeffe K A, Blessing D L, Wilson G D
Department of Nutrition and Foods, Auburn University, AL 36849.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991 Feb;23(2):212-6.
Seven highly trained female cyclists (age 22 +/- 5 yr, height 165 +/- 6 cm, weight 60 +/- 5 kg, VO2max 55 +/- 6 ml.min-1.kg-1, mean +/- SD) consumed, for 1 wk each, isocaloric diets containing varying levels of carbohydrate, protein, and fat designated as low carbohydrate (LCHO), moderate carbohydrate (MCHO), and high carbohydrate (HCHO). Diets were administered in random order, and each subject consumed all three diet treatments. At the end of each weekly diet treatment, subjects rode on a cycle ergometer at 80% VO2max until fatigued. Cyclists continued light training during the diet treatments. Following each diet treatment and immediately prior to the fatiguing cycle ergometer ride, cyclists completed a Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. The POMS yields measures of tension (T), depression (D), anger (A), vigor (V), fatigue (F), and confusion (C), as well as providing a total mood score (TMS). Results indicated that subjects on LCHO had significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) greater T, D, A, and TMS and less V compared with MCHO and HCHO. There were no significant differences between MCHO and HCHO. In the present study, LCHO in conjunction with training and exercise adversely affected the mood state of trained female cyclists as compared with MCHO and HCHO diets.
七名训练有素的女性自行车运动员（年龄22±5岁，身高165±6厘米，体重60±5千克，最大摄氧量55±6毫升·分钟⁻¹·千克⁻¹，均值±标准差）分别连续一周食用含有不同碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪水平的等热量饮食，分别为低碳水化合物（LCHO）、中等碳水化合物（MCHO）和高碳水化合物（HCHO）饮食。饮食以随机顺序给予，每位受试者都食用了所有三种饮食处理。在每种每周饮食处理结束时，受试者以80%的最大摄氧量在自行车测力计上骑行直至疲劳。自行车运动员在饮食处理期间继续进行轻度训练。在每种饮食处理之后且在疲劳的自行车测力计骑行之前，自行车运动员完成了一份情绪状态量表（POMS）问卷。POMS可得出紧张（T）、抑郁（D）、愤怒（A）、活力（V）、疲劳（F）和困惑（C）的测量值，以及提供一个总体情绪得分（TMS）。结果表明，与MCHO和HCHO相比，食用LCHO的受试者的T、D、A和TMS显著更高（P≤0.05），而V更低。MCHO和HCHO之间没有显著差异。在本研究中，与MCHO和HCHO饮食相比，LCHO与训练和运动相结合对训练有素的女性自行车运动员的情绪状态产生了不利影响。
