Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA.
Ageing Res Rev. 2011 Apr;10(2):216-24. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.02.002. Epub 2010 Feb 17.
In this review, we describe recent advances in the field of RNA regulatory biology and relate these advances to aging science. We introduce a new term, RNA surveillance, an RNA regulatory process that is conserved in metazoans, and describe how RNA surveillance represents molecular cross-talk between two emerging RNA regulatory systems-RNA interference and RNA editing. We discuss how RNA surveillance mechanisms influence mRNA and microRNA expression and activity during lifespan. Additionally, we summarize recent data from our own laboratory linking the RNA editor, ADAR, with exceptional longevity in humans and lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. We present data showing that transcriptional knockdown of RNA interference restores lifespan losses in the context of RNA editing defects, further suggesting that interaction between these two systems influences lifespan. Finally, we discuss the implications of RNA surveillance for sarcopenia and muscle maintenance, as frailty is a universal feature of aging. We end with a discussion of RNA surveillance as a robust regulatory system that can change in response to environmental stressors and represents a novel axis in aging science.
在这篇综述中，我们描述了 RNA 调控生物学领域的最新进展，并将这些进展与衰老科学联系起来。我们引入了一个新术语，RNA 监测，这是一种在后生动物中保守的 RNA 调控过程，并描述了 RNA 监测如何代表两个新兴的 RNA 调控系统——RNA 干扰和 RNA 编辑之间的分子串扰。我们讨论了 RNA 监测机制如何影响寿命过程中 mRNA 和 microRNA 的表达和活性。此外，我们总结了我们自己实验室的最新数据，将 RNA 编辑器 ADAR 与人类的超长寿命和秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命联系起来。我们提供的数据表明，在 RNA 编辑缺陷的情况下，转录性敲低 RNA 干扰可以恢复寿命损失，这进一步表明这两个系统之间的相互作用影响寿命。最后，我们讨论了 RNA 监测对肌肉减少症和肌肉维持的意义，因为虚弱是衰老的普遍特征。最后，我们讨论了 RNA 监测作为一个稳健的调控系统，它可以响应环境胁迫而变化，并代表衰老科学中的一个新轴。
