Department of Organismic Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, Salzburg, Austria.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2010 Jun;119(3-4):314-21. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.01.010. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
The present study characterizes the antioxidant systems of brown trout, Salmo trutta, semen as supplementation of semen dilution media with antioxidants can be beneficial to improve techniques for semen storage and cryopreservation. Antioxidants and oxidant defensive enzymes of spermatozoa and seminal plasma were analyzed. To determine whether antioxidants and oxidant defensive enzymes have an effect on sperm functionality, in vitro experiments were performed. Selected antioxidants and oxidant defensive enzymes were added to sperm motility-inhibiting saline solution and their effects on sperm viability (motility when activated, membrane integrity, and lipid peroxidation) were measured. In seminal plasma and spermatozoa the enzymes catalase, glutathione reductase, methionine sulfoxide reductase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase and the metabolites ascorbic acid, glutathione, methionine, tocopherol, and uric acid were detected. Of the enzymes superoxide dismutase had the highest activity, of the metabolites uric acid occurred in highest concentrations. During in vitro incubation uric acid and catalase increased the sperm motility, sperm membrane integrity, and decreased the sperm lipid peroxidation in comparison to the control. However, catalase was effective only at an activity much higher than that occurring in seminal plasma. Reduced methionine increased the sperm motility and sperm membrane integrity and oxidized methionine the motility. However, neither reduced nor oxidized methionine decreased the sperm membrane lipid peroxidation. It is concluded, that uric acid is the main antioxidant of brown trout semen.
本研究对褐鳟精液的抗氧化系统进行了研究，因为在精液稀释液中添加抗氧化剂可以有益于提高精液储存和冷冻保存技术。分析了精子和精浆中的抗氧化剂和氧化防御酶。为了确定抗氧化剂和氧化防御酶是否对精子功能有影响，进行了体外实验。将选定的抗氧化剂和氧化防御酶添加到抑制精子活力的盐溶液中，并测量它们对精子活力（激活时的运动能力、膜完整性和脂质过氧化）的影响。在精浆和精子中检测到过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、蛋氨酸亚砜还原酶、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶以及代谢产物抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、蛋氨酸、生育酚和尿酸。在这些酶中，超氧化物歧化酶的活性最高，而尿酸的代谢产物含量最高。在体外孵育过程中，与对照组相比，尿酸和过氧化氢酶增加了精子活力、精子膜完整性，并降低了精子脂质过氧化。然而，过氧化氢酶只有在比精浆中活性高得多的情况下才有效。还原型蛋氨酸增加了精子活力和精子膜完整性，而氧化型蛋氨酸降低了精子活力。然而，无论是还原型还是氧化型蛋氨酸都没有降低精子膜脂质过氧化。因此，尿酸是褐鳟精液中的主要抗氧化剂。
