SosteniPrA (UAB-IRTA), Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Waste Manag. 2010 Jun;30(6):949-57. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.01.027. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
The planning and design of integrated municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems requires accurate environmental impact evaluation of the systems and their components. This research assessed, quantified and compared the environmental impact of the first stage of the most used MSW container systems. The comparison was based on factors such as the volume of the containers, from small bins of 60-80l to containers of 2400l, and on the manufactured materials, steel and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Also, some parameters such as frequency of collections, waste generation, filling percentage and waste container contents, were established to obtain comparable systems. The methodological framework of the analysis was the life cycle assessment (LCA), and the impact assessment method was based on CML 2 baseline 2000. Results indicated that, for the same volume, the collection systems that use HDPE waste containers had more of an impact than those using steel waste containers, in terms of abiotic depletion, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical oxidation, human toxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity. Besides, the collection systems using small HDPE bins (60l or 80l) had most impact while systems using big steel containers (2400l) had less impact. Subsequent sensitivity analysis about the parameters established demonstrated that they could change the ultimate environmental impact of each waste container collection system, but that the comparative relationship between systems was similar.
综合城市固体废物管理（MSWM）系统的规划和设计需要对系统及其组件进行准确的环境影响评估。本研究评估、量化和比较了最常用的 MSW 容器系统第一阶段的环境影响。比较的依据是容器的体积，从小型 60-80 升垃圾桶到 2400 升容器，以及制造材料，钢和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）。此外，还确定了一些参数，如收集频率、垃圾产生量、填充率和废物容器内容物，以获得可比的系统。分析的方法论框架是生命周期评估（LCA），影响评估方法基于 CML 2 基线 2000。结果表明，对于相同的体积，使用 HDPE 废物容器的收集系统比使用钢废物容器的收集系统在非生物消耗、全球变暖、臭氧层消耗、酸化、富营养化、光化学氧化、人类毒性和陆地生态毒性方面的影响更大。此外，使用小型 HDPE 垃圾桶（60 升或 80 升）的收集系统影响最大，而使用大型钢容器（2400 升）的收集系统影响较小。对所确定参数的后续敏感性分析表明，它们可能会改变每个废物容器收集系统的最终环境影响，但系统之间的比较关系相似。
