Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
National Genome Research Institute, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea.
Nutrition. 2011 Jan;27(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.10.011. Epub 2010 Feb 19.
This study was performed to identify dietary patterns in Korean men and to determine the associations among dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and health-risk factors.
Using baseline data from the Korean Health and Genome Study, dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis of data from a validated food-frequency questionnaire, and associations between these dietary patterns and health-risk factors were analyzed.
Three dietary patterns were identified: 1) the "animal-food" pattern (greater intake of meats, fish, and dairy products), 2) the "rice-vegetable" pattern (greater intake of rice, tofu, kimchi, soybean paste, vegetables, and seaweed), and 3) the "noodle-bread" pattern (greater intake of instant noodles, Chinese noodles, and bread). The animal-food pattern (preferred by younger people with higher income and education levels) had a positive correlation with obesity and hypercholesterolemia, whereas the rice-vegetable pattern (preferred by older people with lower income and educational levels) was positively associated with hypertension. The noodle-bread pattern (also preferred by younger people with higher income and education levels) had a positive association with abdominal obesity and hypercholesterolemia.
This study identifies three unique dietary patterns in Korean men, which are independently associated with certain health-risk factors. The rice-vegetable dietary pattern, modified for a low sodium intake, might be a healthy dietary pattern for Korean men.
本研究旨在确定韩国男性的饮食模式，并确定饮食模式、营养素摄入与健康风险因素之间的关联。
本研究利用韩国健康与基因组研究的基线数据，通过对经过验证的食物频率问卷数据进行因子分析，确定饮食模式，并分析这些饮食模式与健康风险因素之间的关联。
确定了三种饮食模式：1）“动物食品”模式（摄入更多的肉类、鱼类和乳制品），2）“米饭蔬菜”模式（摄入更多的米饭、豆腐、泡菜、大酱、蔬菜和海藻），3）“面条面包”模式（摄入更多的方便面、中国面条和面包）。“动物食品”模式（受年轻人和高收入、高教育程度人群青睐）与肥胖和高胆固醇血症呈正相关，而“米饭蔬菜”模式（受老年人和低收入、低教育程度人群青睐）与高血压呈正相关。“面条面包”模式（同样受年轻人和高收入、高教育程度人群青睐）与腹型肥胖和高胆固醇血症呈正相关。
本研究确定了韩国男性的三种独特饮食模式，它们与某些健康风险因素独立相关。对于韩国男性来说，经改良以降低钠摄入量的“米饭蔬菜”饮食模式可能是一种健康的饮食模式。
