Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Chest. 2010 Sep;138(3):519-27. doi: 10.1378/chest.09-1926. Epub 2010 Feb 19.
Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of habitual snoring (HS) in primary school children and to evaluate the diurnal symptoms and conditions that may be associated with it.
A validated questionnaire completed by parents was used to assess the sleep and daytime behaviors of Chinese children aged 5 to 14 years. Thirteen primary schools in two representative districts were randomly selected.
A total of 6,349 out of 9,172 questionnaires (response rate 69.2%) with complete answers were returned. The prevalence rate of HS was 7.2%. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 2.5 [1.7-3.6]), BMI z score (OR [95% CI]: 1.4 [1.1-1.6]), maternal HS (OR [95% CI]: 3.4 [2.0-5.7]), paternal HS (OR [95% CI]: 3.8 [2.7-5.5]), allergic rhinitis (OR [95% CI]: 2.9 [2.0-4.2]), asthma (OR [95% CI]: 2.4 [1.2-5.2]), nasosinusitis (OR [95% CI]: 4.0 [1.5-10.6]), and tonsillitis (OR [95% CI]: 3.1 [1.9-5.1]) in the past 12 months were identified to be independent risk factors associated with HS. HS was also associated with daytime, nocturnal, parasomniac, and sleep-related breathing symptoms. HS was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for parent-reported poor temper (OR [95% CI]: 1.9 [1.4-2.5]), hyperactivity (OR [95%CI]: 1.7 [1.2-2.5]), and poor school performance (OR [95% CI]: 1.7 [1.2-2.5]).
HS was a significant and prevalent problem in primary school children. Male sex, obesity, parental HS, atopic symptoms, and history of upper respiratory infections were significant risk factors. HS was also associated with sleep-disordered breathing symptoms and adverse neurobehavioral outcomes.
本研究旨在确定小学生习惯性打鼾(HS)的患病率,并评估与之相关的日间症状和情况。
使用经过验证的家长问卷评估 5 至 14 岁中国儿童的睡眠和日间行为。从两个有代表性的地区随机选择了 13 所小学。
共收回 9172 份问卷中的 6349 份(应答率 69.2%),其中回答完整。HS 的患病率为 7.2%。男性(比值比[OR] [95%可信区间]:2.5 [1.7-3.6])、BMI z 评分(OR [95%可信区间]:1.4 [1.1-1.6])、母亲 HS(OR [95%可信区间]:3.4 [2.0-5.7])、父亲 HS(OR [95%可信区间]:3.8 [2.7-5.5])、变应性鼻炎(OR [95%可信区间]:2.9 [2.0-4.2])、哮喘(OR [95%可信区间]:2.4 [1.2-5.2])、鼻-鼻窦炎(OR [95%可信区间]:4.0 [1.5-10.6])和过去 12 个月的扁桃体炎(OR [95%可信区间]:3.1 [1.9-5.1])被确定为与 HS 相关的独立危险因素。HS 还与日间、夜间、发作性睡病和与睡眠相关的呼吸症状有关。HS 是家长报告的脾气差(OR [95%可信区间]:1.9 [1.4-2.5])、多动(OR [95%CI]:1.7 [1.2-2.5])和学业成绩不佳(OR [95% CI]:1.7 [1.2-2.5])的独立危险因素。
HS 是小学生中一个显著且普遍存在的问题。男性、肥胖、父母 HS、特应性症状和上呼吸道感染史是显著的危险因素。HS 还与睡眠呼吸障碍症状和不良神经行为结果有关。