Department of Respiratory Disease, Süleyman Demirel University, TR-32200 Cunur Isparta, Turkey.
Med Princ Pract. 2009;18(6):458-65. doi: 10.1159/000235895. Epub 2009 Sep 30.
To determine the prevalence of habitual snoring (HS) and its association with both day- and nighttime symptoms, school performance and behavioral disturbances in a sample of primary school children.
A cross-sectional study was performed on 1,605 children (819 boys and 786 girls) aged 7-13 years from 9 randomly selected primary schools located within the city limits of Isparta, Turkey. HS and sleep problems were assessed using a 55-item multiple-choice questionnaire.
Of the 1,605 questionnaires, 1,164 were fully completed and returned, giving a response rate of 72.5%. The overall prevalence of snoring was 38.9%, while HS accounted for 3.5%. The prevalence of HS among boys (25, 3.0%) was higher than among girls (16, 2.0%; chi(2) for trend: p < 0.001, OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.01-3.66). There was an association between younger age and HS, as children aged 7-8 years had the highest prevalence (chi(2) for trend: 0.054, OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 0.81-4.22). Habitual snorers had more daytime and nighttime symptoms. Allergic symptoms, daytime mouth breathing, shaking the child for apnea, restless sleep and hyperactivity were significant and independent risk factors and sleep-related symptoms for HS. A significant and independent association was found between poor school performance and hyperactivity, nocturnal enuresis, tooth grinding and low parental/maternal education in multivariate analysis.
Children with HS were more likely to have sleep-related daytime and nighttime symptoms. No significant associ- ation was determined between HS and poor school performance.
在土耳其伊斯帕尔塔市随机选择的 9 所小学中，对 1605 名 7-13 岁的儿童进行横断面研究，以确定习惯性打鼾（HS）的流行率及其与日间和夜间症状、学习成绩和行为障碍的关系。
使用 55 项多项选择题问卷评估 HS 和睡眠问题。
在 1605 份问卷中，有 1164 份完整填写并返回，回复率为 72.5%。打鼾的总体患病率为 38.9%，而 HS 占 3.5%。男孩（25 例，3.0%）的 HS 患病率高于女孩（16 例，2.0%；趋势卡方检验：p < 0.001，OR：1.92，95%CI：1.01-3.66）。年龄越小与 HS 的相关性越大，7-8 岁的儿童患病率最高（趋势卡方检验：0.054，OR：1.85，95%CI：0.81-4.22）。习惯性打鼾者白天和夜间的症状更多。过敏症状、白天口呼吸、为呼吸暂停摇晃孩子、睡眠不安和多动是 HS 的显著独立危险因素和睡眠相关症状。在多变量分析中，学习成绩差、多动、夜遗尿、磨牙和父母/母亲教育程度低与 HS 之间存在显著且独立的关联。
患有 HS 的儿童更有可能出现与睡眠相关的日间和夜间症状。HS 与学习成绩差之间没有确定的相关性。
