Hanley J R, Young A W, Pearson N A
Dept. of Psychology, University of Liverpool, U.K.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 1991 Feb;43(1):101-25. doi: 10.1080/14640749108401001.
A case study is presented of a female patient, ELD, who has difficulty in the immediate recall of short sequences of visuo-spatial material following a right-hemisphere aneurysm. Despite poor performance on tasks such as the Brooks Matrix and the Corsi Blocks, ELD is good at the immediate serial recall of letters even when presentation modality is visual and shows effects of phonological similarity and articulatory suppression. This pattern of performance represents a double dissociation from that which has been observed with the short-term memory patient PV (Vallar & Baddeley, 1984), who is extremely poor at serial recall of verbal material but shows no visual memory impairment. It is argued that ELD has an impairment to the visuo-spatial component of working memory (Baddeley, 1986) in the absence of any phonological loop deficit. Further investigation reveals that ELD performs poorly on mental rotation tasks and finds it difficult to use imagery mnemonics, but has no difficulty in retrieving visuo-spatial information from long-term memory so long as it was learnt before her illness.
本文呈现了一个女性患者ELD的案例研究。该患者在右侧半球动脉瘤发作后，难以即时回忆短序列的视觉空间材料。尽管在诸如布鲁克斯矩阵和科尔西方块等任务中表现不佳，但ELD在即时序列回忆字母方面表现出色，即使呈现方式为视觉呈现，并且表现出语音相似性和发音抑制的影响。这种表现模式与短期记忆患者PV（瓦拉尔和巴德利，1984年）所观察到的模式形成了双重分离，PV在言语材料的序列回忆方面极其糟糕，但没有视觉记忆障碍。有人认为，ELD在没有任何语音回路缺陷的情况下，工作记忆的视觉空间成分存在损伤。进一步调查发现，ELD在心理旋转任务中表现不佳，并且难以使用意象记忆法，但只要视觉空间信息是在她患病之前学习的，她从长期记忆中检索这些信息就没有困难。
