Monteiro M, Gabriel R, Aranha J, Neves e Castro M, Sousa M, Moreira M
Department of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2010 Jun;25(5):461-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.01.017. Epub 2010 Feb 21.
Menopause is associated with a decrease in fat-free mass and an increase in fat mass. Sarcopenic obesity is more strongly associated with physical limitations than either obesity or sarcopenia and their effect in plantar pressure is not known. Consequently, the scope of the present study was to examine the effect of obesity and sarcopenic obesity on plantar pressure of postmenopausal women, during walking.
Body composition and biomechanics parameters of plantar pressure were assessed in 239 postmenopausal women.
Compared to non-obese and non-sarcopenic women, obese postmenopausal women have higher peak pressure in the metatarsal areas 1, 4, 5, midfoot and lateral heel and higher absolute impulses in all metatarsal and heel areas. On the other hand, sarcopenic obese postmenopausal women presented higher peak pressure and absolute impulses under all metatarsal areas, midfoot and heels. When the absolute values of maximal peak pressures and absolute impulses were normalised to body mass, pressure increases were only perceived for midfoot.
The pressure increase found in different foot areas of obese and particularly in sarcopenic obese could cause discomfort and pain in the foot. Sarcopenic obese postmenopausal women also present a higher loading during the stance phase comparing with non-sarcopenic non-obese, fact that might limit their basic daily activity tasks, such as walking.
绝经与去脂体重减少和脂肪量增加有关。相较于单纯肥胖或肌肉减少症，肥胖型肌肉减少症与身体活动受限的关联更为密切，且其对足底压力的影响尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨肥胖和肥胖型肌肉减少症对绝经后女性行走时足底压力的影响。
对239名绝经后女性的身体成分和足底压力生物力学参数进行评估。
与非肥胖且非肌肉减少的女性相比，肥胖的绝经后女性在第1、4、5跖骨区域、足中部和足跟外侧的峰值压力更高，且在所有跖骨和足跟区域的绝对冲量更高。另一方面，肥胖型肌肉减少的绝经后女性在所有跖骨区域、足中部和足跟处的峰值压力和绝对冲量均更高。当将最大峰值压力和绝对冲量的绝对值按体重进行标准化时，仅在足中部察觉到压力增加。
在肥胖女性尤其是肥胖型肌肉减少女性的不同足部区域发现的压力增加可能会导致足部不适和疼痛。与非肌肉减少且非肥胖的女性相比，肥胖型肌肉减少的绝经后女性在站立期的负荷也更高，这可能会限制她们的基本日常活动，如行走。
