Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Curr Biol. 2010 Feb 23;20(4):R166-73. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.050.
Africa is the birthplace of modern humans, and is the source of the geographic expansion of ancestral populations into other regions of the world. Indigenous Africans are characterized by high levels of genetic diversity within and between populations. The pattern of genetic variation in these populations has been shaped by demographic events occurring over the last 200,000 years. The dramatic variation in climate, diet, and exposure to infectious disease across the continent has also resulted in novel genetic and phenotypic adaptations in extant Africans. This review summarizes some recent advances in our understanding of the demographic history and selective pressures that have influenced levels and patterns of diversity in African populations.
非洲是现代人的发源地，也是祖先种群向世界其他地区地理扩张的源头。非洲原住民的特点是种群内和种群间具有高水平的遗传多样性。这些人群中遗传变异的模式是由过去 20 万年发生的人口事件塑造的。整个非洲大陆气候、饮食和传染病暴露的剧烈变化也导致了现存非洲人的新的遗传和表型适应。这篇综述总结了我们对影响非洲人群多样性水平和模式的人口历史和选择压力的一些最新理解的进展。
