University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010 Mar;36(3):410-22. doi: 10.1177/0146167209359768.
The current research extended the implicit theory approach to a weight management context and merged it with value expectancy theory. Three studies investigated the hypothesis that individuals are especially unlikely to self-regulate effectively after dieting setbacks when they believe body weight to be fixed (entity theory) rather than malleable (incremental theory). Study 1 examined avoidant coping after a hypothetical dieting setback. Study 2 examined the implicit theory-avoidant coping relation after naturally occurring challenges to participants' weight-loss goals. Across both studies, entity theorists, relative to incremental theorists, reported more avoidant coping after setbacks. In Study 2, avoidant coping, in turn, predicted difficulty achieving weight-loss success. Study 3 manipulated implicit theories of weight to test the causal effects of implicit theories on effortful regulation. Entity theorists, relative to incremental theorists, reported less persistence following setbacks. Across the three studies, expectations about the potential for future dieting success mediated the link between implicit theory and self-regulation.
当前的研究将内隐理论方法扩展到体重管理领域，并将其与价值期望理论相结合。三项研究验证了这样一种假设，即在节食挫折后，当个体相信体重是固定的（实体理论）而不是可塑的（渐进理论）时，他们特别不太可能进行有效的自我调节。研究 1 检验了假设节食挫折后的回避应对。研究 2 检验了参与者的减肥目标自然受到挑战后内隐理论-回避应对关系。在这两项研究中，与渐进论者相比，实体论者在挫折后报告了更多的回避应对。在研究 2 中，回避应对继而预测了减肥成功的难度。研究 3 操纵了体重的内隐理论，以检验内隐理论对努力调节的因果影响。与渐进论者相比，实体论者在挫折后报告的坚持程度较低。在这三项研究中，对未来节食成功的期望在内隐理论和自我调节之间的联系中起中介作用。
