The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA.
J Med Entomol. 2010 Jan;47(1):43-52. doi: 10.1603/033.047.0106.
Ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus (Theobald) is an invasive mosquito native to Japan, Korea, and eastern China. The species was first detected in the northeastern United States in 1998 and has rapidly spread throughout much of eastern North America. In addition to used tire casings, Oc. j. japonicus develops in a wide variety of artificial and natural container habitats, especially rock pools along stream beds. In an effort to evaluate the invasion success and impact of Oc. j. japonicus on populations of native container dwelling species, waste tire disposal sites and natural rock pool habitats were sampled for mosquito larvae throughout Connecticut in 2005, and data were compared with results from prior surveys made in 1987 and 1999. Oc. j. japonicus was the predominant species collected at the waste tire disposal sites regardless of surrounding landscape features, accounting for 55.9% of all larvae. A comparison with collections from prior surveys revealed a 90% reduction in the relative abundance of larval populations of Oc. triseriatus (Say) and significant reductions among larval populations of Oc. atropalpus (Coquillett) and Culex restuans Theobald. Oc. j. japonicus was also the most abundant mosquito collected in rock pool habitats, accounting for nearly 80% of all collected larvae, except where water temperatures exceeded 30 degrees C. This was concomitant with significant declines in the relative abundance of Oc. atropalpus and Cx. restuans. We conclude that Oc. j. japonicus is a potentially effective competitor in rock pool and tire environments and may be responsible for reducing populations of several native species occupying these habitats through interspecific competition for limited resources. The exclusion of Oc. j. japonicus from warm water pools further suggests that a temperature barrier may exist for Oc. j. japonicus and that populations may not be able to colonize southern regions of the United States with relatively high summer temperatures.
日本伊蚊（Theobald）原产于日本、朝鲜和中国东部，是一种入侵性蚊子。该物种于 1998 年首次在美国东北部被发现，现已迅速传播到北美东部的大部分地区。除了使用的汽车轮胎外壳外，Oc. j. japonicus 还在各种人工和天然容器栖息地发育，特别是溪流床的岩石池中。为了评估 Oc. j. japonicus 的入侵成功及其对本地容器栖息物种种群的影响，2005 年在康涅狄格州各地对废轮胎处理场和天然岩石池栖息地的蚊子幼虫进行了采样，并将数据与 1987 年和 1999 年的先前调查结果进行了比较。无论周围的景观特征如何，在废轮胎处理场收集到的蚊子中，Oc. j. japonicus 都是主要物种，占所有幼虫的 55.9%。与以前的调查结果进行比较表明，Oc. triseriatus（Say）幼虫种群的相对丰度减少了 90%，Oc. atropalpus（Coquillett）和 Culex restuans Theobald 幼虫种群的数量也显著减少。Oc. j. japonicus 也是在岩石池中收集到的最丰富的蚊子，占所有收集到的幼虫的近 80%，除非水温超过 30 摄氏度。这与 Oc. atropalpus 和 Cx. restuans 的相对丰度显著下降同时发生。我们得出结论，Oc. j. japonicus 是岩石池和轮胎环境中一种潜在有效的竞争者，可能通过对有限资源的种间竞争，导致占据这些栖息地的几种本地物种的数量减少。Oc. j. japonicus 被排除在温水池中，这进一步表明，Oc. j. japonicus 可能存在一个温度障碍，其种群可能无法在美国南部地区的相对高温下进行殖民化。
